Abstract. The effects of resveratrol (a phytoalexin with a wide variety of pharmacological activities) on pig embryos produced by parthenogenesis and/or in vitro fertilization have been investigated. First, parthenogenetic embryos were generated and cultured in PZM-3 medium supplemented with various amounts of resveratrol (0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 and 25 μM final concentrations). In the presence of 0.5 μM resveratrol a significantly higher percentage of parthenogenetic embryos reached the blastocyst stage by day 7 compared to non-treated control (43.5 ± 6.3% vs. 33.0 ± 5.4%; P<0.05). The total cell number of blastocysts also increased as a result of incubation with 0.5 μM resveratrol; the difference was statistically significant between treated and non-treated embryos on day 5 of culture (35.8 ± 0.9 vs. 32.1 ± 1.1; P<0.05). Resveratrol incubation affected the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes in parthenogenetic blastocysts: the level of Bax transcripts was similar but lower expression of Bcl-2 and Caspase-3 was observed in embryos treated with 0.5 μM resveratrol when compared to control blastocysts (P<0.05). The results of the TUNEL assay were similar in blastocysts developing with or without resveratrol supplementation. In addition, when embryos produced by in vitro fertilization were incubated with 0.5 μM resveratrol, the treatment led to higher frequencies of blastocyst formation (8.6% vs. 13.3%) and elevated total cell numbers (37.1 ± 2.4 vs. 43.2 ± 1.7) by the end of the 7-day culture period (P<0.05). The results indicate that 0.5 μM resveratrol during culture has a positive effect on early embryonic development of porcine embryos. Key words: Development, Embryo, Pig, Resveratrol (J. Reprod. Dev. 56: [330][331][332][333][334][335] 2010) mbryo culture is valuable in the study of preimplantation embryonic development and is indispensable for the in vitro production of transferable embryos. In spite of significant improvements in the culture conditions, the development of in vitro-produced embryos is still suboptimal [1]. Because the preimplantation embryo is extremely sensitive to environmental factors, deficiencies in culture conditions often lead to aberrant embryo development that manifest in lower frequency of blastocyst formation and lower cell numbers and can affect fetal as well as postnatal life [2]. Modifications in the culture system can potentially improve the development of the cultured embryos.Resveratrol (3,4',5-trihydroxystilbene) is a phytoalexin identified in more than 70 plant species including grapes, plums, and peanuts [3]. Its biological function is to protect the plant in case of a parasitic attack or environmental stress [4]. Originally, the search for plant-derived compounds with pharmacological properties identified resveratrol as a blocker of enzymes involved in arachidonate metabolism [5] and later, an inhibitor of partially purified kinases [6]. Based on its ability to block the cyclooxygenase COX-1 resveratrol was suggested to have anticancer properties and it was demo...