Catalogue of the Geological Effects of Earthquakes in Spain Based on the ESI-07 Macroseismic Scale: A New Database for Seismic Hazard Analysis

Silva, Pablo G.; Rodríguez-Pascua, Miguel Ángel; Giner-Robles, J.L.; Élez, Javier; Pérez‐López, Raúl; Davila, María Begoña Bautista

doi:10.3390/geosciences9080334

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…There is no historical description of a proper tsunami related to this event but anomalous sea waves. However, the magnitude of the event was not large enough to generate a tsunami, and hence, an offshore section of the Carboneras fault that appears clearly charged could also be a source candidate for the 1658 event (Silva, 2017). Additionally, the Polopos fault in Figure 7 appears loaded too, and neither cannot be ruled out as a source for the 1658 Alemria earthquake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Connection of XVI‐Century Major Historical Earthquakes in the Eastern Betic Cordillera, Spain: Insights From Viscoelastic Relaxation of the Lithosphere

Yazdi,

García‐Mayordomo,

Álvarez‐Gómez

et al. 2023

Tectonics

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Understanding the crustal fault interaction and connection between earthquakes in areas with slow tectonic deformation, such as Betic Cordillera (South Spain), is challenging. When seismic rates are low and large destructive earthquakes happen less frequently, it is necessary to resort to historical or paleoseismic records. This study investigates the postseismic viscoelastic relaxation mechanism as a potential explanation for the occurrence of three historical earthquakes (IEMSVIII‐IX) in the Eastern Betic Shear Zone during the XVI‐century, all of which occurred within a span of 13 years: 1518 Vera Mw6.2, 1522 Alhama de Almeria Mw6.5, and 1531 Baza Mw6.2 associated with the Palomares, Carboneras, and Baza faults, respectively. The results strongly suggest a sequential stress‐triggering connection between the three events. The northern NS‐oriented section of the Baza fault is found to have experienced a larger positive ΔCFS and, indeed, more prone to rupture in 1531. The study also examines whether the cumulative ΔCFS had influenced the occurrence of further significant earthquakes (≥Mw6.0) in the region. A triggering connection between the cascade and the 1658 Almeria Mw6.2 earthquake is suggested, whereas no indications of similar linkage to the 1674 Lorca Mw6.0 or the 1804 Dalias Mw6.4 events are found. The stress triggering impact of the cascade over nearby active faults is noteworthy. It is expected that this analysis could have future applications for studying other important historical events, and improving seismic hazard analysis in complex fault settings of the Betic Cordillera.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring the Connection of XVI‐Century Major Historical Earthquakes in the Eastern Betic Cordillera, Spain: Insights From Viscoelastic Relaxation of the Lithosphere

Yazdi,

García‐Mayordomo,

Álvarez‐Gómez

et al. 2023

Tectonics

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“…The assessment of geological, hydrological, geomorphological, and vegetation features, once used only marginally to evaluate the seismic risk, plays a privileged and key role in the ESI scale approach. The ESI scale has also been applied to modern and paleo-earthquakes [24][25][26][27][28][29][30], providing significant input for a better evaluation of seismic hazards in different socio-economic contexts [31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: The Esi Scalementioning

confidence: 99%

The 1976 Guatemala Earthquake: ESI Scale and Probabilistic/Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis Approaches

Caccavale

Sacchi

Spiga³

et al. 2019

Geosciences

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A hazard assessment of the 1976 Guatemala earthquake (M = 7.5) was conducted to achieve a better definition of the seismic hazard. The assessment was based on the environmental effects that had effectively contributed to the high destructive impact of that event. An interdisciplinary approach was adopted by integrating: (1) historical data; (2) co-seismic geological effects in terms of Environmental Seismic Intensity (ESI) scale intensity values; and (3) ground shaking data estimated by a probabilistic/deterministic approach. A detailed analysis of primary and secondary effects was conducted for a set of 24 localities, to obtain a better evaluation of seismic intensity. The new intensity values were compared with the Modified Mercalli Intensity (MMI) and Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) distribution estimated using a probabilistic/deterministic hazard analysis approach for the target area. Our results are evidence that the probabilistic/deterministic hazard analysis procedures may result in very different indications on the PGA distributions. Moreover, PGA values often display significant discrepancy from the macroseismic intensity values calculated with the ESI scale. Therefore, the incorporation of the environmental earth effects into the probabilistic/deterministic hazard analysis appears to be mandatory in order to achieve a more accurate seismic estimation.

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“…The IM is obtained independently from local soil conditions by conventional probabilistic seismic hazard analysis for a standard earthquake. Generally, an IM is defined by an associated average annual probability of exceedance, which is specific to the location and design characteristics of the region [4,19,20]. It is possible to quantify the damage levels that may occur under the design's ground motion within the structural system elements in the performance-based design and evaluation method.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seismic and Structural Analyses of the Eastern Anatolian Region (Turkey) Using Different Probabilities of Exceedance

Işık

Harirchian

Büyüksaraç

et al. 2021

ASI

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Seismic hazard analysis of the earthquake-prone Eastern Anatolian Region (Turkey) has become more important due to its growing strategic importance as a global energy corridor. Most of the cities in that region have experienced the loss of life and property due to significant earthquakes. Thus, in this study, we attempted to estimate the seismic hazard in that region. Seismic moment variations were obtained using different types of earthquake magnitudes such as Mw, Ms, and Mb. The earthquake parameters were also determined for all provincial centers using the earthquake ground motion levels with some probabilities of exceedance. The spectral acceleration coefficients were compared based on the current and previous seismic design codes of the country. Additionally, structural analyses were performed using different earthquake ground motion levels for the Bingöl province, which has the highest peak ground acceleration values for a sample reinforced concrete building. The highest seismic moment variations were found between the Van and Hakkari provinces. The findings also showed that the peak ground acceleration values varied between 0.2–0.7 g for earthquakes, with a repetition period of 475 years. A comparison of the probabilistic seismic hazard curves of the Bingöl province with the well-known attenuation relationships showed that the current seismic design code indicates a higher earthquake risk than most of the others.

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Catalogue of the Geological Effects of Earthquakes in Spain Based on the ESI-07 Macroseismic Scale: A New Database for Seismic Hazard Analysis

Cited by 15 publications

References 28 publications

Exploring the Connection of XVI‐Century Major Historical Earthquakes in the Eastern Betic Cordillera, Spain: Insights From Viscoelastic Relaxation of the Lithosphere

Exploring the Connection of XVI‐Century Major Historical Earthquakes in the Eastern Betic Cordillera, Spain: Insights From Viscoelastic Relaxation of the Lithosphere

The 1976 Guatemala Earthquake: ESI Scale and Probabilistic/Deterministic Seismic Hazard Analysis Approaches

Seismic and Structural Analyses of the Eastern Anatolian Region (Turkey) Using Different Probabilities of Exceedance

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