Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Neergat, Manoj; Leveratto, D.; Stimming, Ulrich

doi:10.1002/1615-6854(20020815)2:1<25::aid-fuce25>3.0.co;2-4

Cited by 67 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Fuel cells fed with methanol (CH 3 OH) or ethanol (C 2 H 5 OH), in the form of direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs) and using a proton-exchange membrane, are being considered as alternatives to hydrogen [1,2]. The main advantage of both alcohols is that they are liquid, and therefore, the storage problems when hydrogen is used are solved.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-Supported PtRuMo Electrocatalysts for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

et al. 2013

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Abstract:The review article discusses the current status and recent findings of our investigations on the synthesis and characterization of carbon-supported PtRuMo electrocatalysts for direct alcohol fuel cells. In particular, the effect of the carbon support and the composition on the structure, stability and the activity of the PtRuMo nanoparticles for the electrooxidation of CO, methanol and ethanol have been studied. Different physicochemical techniques have been employed for the analysis of the catalysts structures: X-ray analytical methods (XRD, XPS, TXRF), thermogravimetry (TGA) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as a number of electrochemical techniques like CO adsorption studies, current-time curves and cyclic voltammetry measurements. Furthermore, spectroscopic methods adapted to the electrochemical systems for in situ studies, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIRS) and differential electrochemical mass spectrometry (DEMS), have been used to evaluate the oxidation process of CO, methanol and ethanol over the carbon-supported PtRuMo electrocatalysts.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon-Supported PtRuMo Electrocatalysts for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

et al. 2013

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“…Ruthenium modified with Selenium has proven to be a stable and highly selective catalyst towards the ORR in the presence of methanol [3,4]. In earlier results of our group RuSe x nanoparticles were synthesized on a carbon support (Vulcan XC72), but the particles were coarse in nature and substantial agglomeration occurred [5]. The aim of this work was to further improve the dispersion of the catalyst and to yield a high electrochemical active area of RuSe x /C catalysts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruthenium selenide catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction in direct methanol fuel cells

et al. 2007

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The oxygen reduction reaction in sulphuric acid on commercial carbon supported platinum and ruthenium catalysts as well as on a home-made carbon supported ruthenium selenide catalysts (RuSe x /C) was investigated. The RuSe x /C catalysts were synthesised using similar procedures to those found in the literature. A dependency of H2O2 formation on the selenium content was found using the thin-film rotating ring disc electrode technique, namely that the H2O2 formation in the typical operation range of a Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (0.7-0.4 V) on Pt/C is below 1% and 1-4% on Ru/C and RuSe x /C catalysts. Finally for comparing the intrinsic activities of the catalysts the electrochemically active surface areas were determined in-situ by means of copper underpotential deposition. Our results indicate a comparable activity of the present RuSe x /C catalyst to commercial Pt/C if the activities are related to the electrochemical active areas

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“…RuSe x catalysts have attracted much attention recently because of their activity for oxygen reduction combined with their complete inactivity for methanol oxidation, which makes them interesting for use as cathode material in the DMFC [1][2][3]. From a fundamental point of view, it is important to know what makes these catalysts much more active for oxygen reduction than pure Ru.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of selenium modified ruthenium-electrodes and determination of the real surface area

et al. 2007

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The determination of the surface area of Pt and Ru electrocatalyst surfaces by oxidation of adsorbed CO and by oxidation of a Cu upd layer are compared. The amount of adsorbed CO was determined mass-spectrometrically from the ionic current for CO 2 formation during an oxidative potential sweep. On Ru, the Faradaic charge is too large (by approx. 55%) due to Faradaic effects (oxygen adsorption). For massive Ru electrodes a Cu upd charge of 520 lC cm À2 is found after normalization to the area determined by CO oxidation. Using this value, both methods yield identical surface areas for nanoparticulate Ru catalysts. On Ru surfaces (both massive and nanoparticulate) completely covered by Se the amount of Cu upd charge decreases to one fourth of the value observed for pure Ru. Since CO is only adsorbed on free Ru sites and not on Se covered sites, the oxidation charge for the latter can be used to determine the number of free Ru sites, whereas the decrease of the Cu upd charge on Se modified surfaces can be used to calculate the area which is modified by Se. This method, previously tested on the model electrodes, was extended to Ru nanoparticle and Ru/Se electrodes. Using this surface determination it is possible to draw conclusions about the active surface area and the Se composition of the outer shell of Ru/Se nanoparticles.For the first time we also show, using RRDE measurements, that the oxygen reduction reaction is enhanced by simple Se adsorption also on massive Ru. It could be shown that the activity for the Ru/Se electrode increases with the Se amount on the surface.

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Catalysts for Direct Methanol Fuel Cells

Cited by 67 publications

References 18 publications

Carbon-Supported PtRuMo Electrocatalysts for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Carbon-Supported PtRuMo Electrocatalysts for Direct Alcohol Fuel Cells

Ruthenium selenide catalysts for cathodic oxygen reduction in direct methanol fuel cells

Activity of selenium modified ruthenium-electrodes and determination of the real surface area

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