Catalytic and autocatalytic chemical processes in the atmosphere

Zhong, Jie; Francisco, Joseph S.

doi:10.1016/bs.arcc.2020.07.003

Cited by 1 publication

(1 citation statement)

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“…The first is the possibility of SO3 evaporating and reacting with water vapor to produce sulfuric acid in the gas phase, as in the following reaction: SO3(g) + H2O(g) → H2SO4(g) From this scheme, sulfuric acid then dissociates so that its H + cation becomes a proton donor on the carbonyl functional group on the fatty acid along with the nucleophilic attack of methanol. However, according to another study [27] the activation energy to carry out this Table 4. Fatty acid composition of WCO.…”

Section: Proposed Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Sulfuric Acid-Impregnated Biochar Catalyst in Making of Biodiesel From Waste Cooking Oil Via Leaching Method

Sofyan,

Mailani,

Setyawati

et al. 2024

Bull. Chem. React. Eng. Catal.

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The biodiesel synthesis of waste cooking oil (WCO) over a impregnated biochar catalyst was systematically studied. This research aimed to prepare Biochar-based material that comes from coconut coir, activate it, and apply it as a catalyst to the esterification reaction of high-FFA waste cooking oil. Activation of the catalyst was done by impregnation H2SO4 solution in Biochar. The obtained catalyst was characterized by FTIR, XRF, XRD, surface area analyzer, and SEM-EDS. The esterification process was conducted by varying the catalyst weight (5, 7, and 10 wt%) and the reaction temperature (55 and 60 °C). The obtained liquid yields were characterized by GC-MS. The study found that the esterification process worked best with 10 wt% catalysts, a 1:76 mole ratio of oil to alcohol, and a reaction temperature of 60 °C. The waste cooking oil was successfully converted into biodiesel, reaching 84.50% of yield and 77.30% of purity (methyl ester content). Meanwhile, testing using national biodiesel standards with parameter limits of density, viscosity, iodine number, and acid number shows results that meet the requirements. Copyright © 2024 by Authors, Published by BCREC Publishing Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).

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Section: Proposed Reaction Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%