Catalytic Ethylene Polymerisation in Carbon Dioxide as a Reaction Medium with Soluble Nickel(II) Catalysts

Bastero, Amaia; Franciò, Giancarlo; Leitner, Walter; Mecking, Stefan

doi:10.1002/chem.200600499

Cited by 40 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…S4 in the ESI †). S5 in the ESI †) and 19 Quaternization reaction of CMPAF(C4, C6) copolymers were carried out in trimethylamine aqueous solution. 1b).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Copolymers and Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anion exchange membranes composed of perfluoroalkylene chains and ammonium-functionalized oligophenylenes

et al. 2015

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A novel series of ammonium-containing copolymers (QPAFs) were synthesized as anion exchange membranes for alkaline fuel cell applications. The precursor copolymers (M w = 28.3 kDa -90.1 kDa) composed of perfluoroalkylene and phenylene groups were obtained by nickel promoted polycondensation reaction. Chloromethylation and quaternization reactions of the precursors provided thin and ductile QPAF membranes with ion exchange capacity (IEC) ranging from 0.79 to 1.74 meq/g. The QPAF membranes exhibited phase-separated morphology based on the hydrophilic/hydrophobic differences in the main chain structure. The QPAF membrane with optimized copolymer composition and IEC = 1.26 meq/g showed high hydroxide ion conductivity (95.5 mS/cm in water at 80 °C), excellent mechanical properties (large elongation at break (218%)), and reasonable alkaline stability in 80 °C. Alkaline fuel cell using the QPAF used as the membrane and electrode binder achieved the maximum power density of 139 mW/cm 2 at a current density of 420 mA/cm 2 .

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“…S4 in the ESI †). S5 in the ESI †) and 19 Quaternization reaction of CMPAF(C4, C6) copolymers were carried out in trimethylamine aqueous solution. 1b).…”

Section: Synthesis Of Copolymers and Membranesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anion exchange membranes composed of perfluoroalkylene chains and ammonium-functionalized oligophenylenes

et al. 2015

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“…The VOC issue has been largely solved for lowpressure catalytic Ziegler-Natta polymerizations by using solvent-free gas-phase processes. For slurry polymerization, new catalysts compatible with "green" diluents such as supercritical CO 2 [6,7] or water [8][9][10][11] have been developed. Recently we successfully produced polyethylene (PE) by a radical pathway under less energy-consuming conditions: medium pressure below 250 bar and a low temperature of 70 8C using organic solvents (toluene or THF).…”

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confidence: 99%

Aqueous Dispersions of Nonspherical Polyethylene Nanoparticles from Free‐Radical Polymerization under Mild Conditions

et al. 2010

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A radical idea: Free‐radical polymerization of ethylene usually requires severe conditions. Here, the efficiency of this reaction was investigated under mild conditions (less than 250 bar) in water for the production of stable polyethylene (PE) aqueous dispersions (see picture, Dp=particle diameter). Latexes of PE nanoparticles with various shapes (cylinder or sphere) and solid contents up to 40 % were prepared.

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“…The m-substituents, R, despite remote positions from the Ni center, affect degree of branching and molecular weight of the produced polymer. The Ni complex catalyze the ethylene polymerization even in water (vide infra) and in supercritical CO 2 [105,106]. The intermolecular reaction between alkyl-Ni complex and methyl-or hydride-Ni complex to form Ni bis(salicylaldimine) complex is regarded as a deactivation process of the catalyst [107].…”

Section: Catalyst Having An Imine-aryloxo (Phenoxyimine) Type Ligandsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Olefin Polymerization with Non-metallocene Catalysts (Late Transition Metals)

Takeuchi

2014

Organometallic Reactions and Polymerization

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Diimine Pd and Ni complexes catalyze the polymerization of ethylene, propylene, and a-olefins. The reaction involves isomerization of the growing terminal (chain walking) and, as its result, produces highly branched polyethylene and poy(a-olefin)s having a smaller number of the alkyl substituents than expected from the monomer structure. Ni complexes with salicylaldimine or iminocarboxamide ligands and Pd complexes with phosphinesulfonate ligands are used as single component catalysts for ethylene polymerization. Especially, the latter catalysts show tolerance towards polar functional groups and promote copolymerization of ethylene with wide varieties of polar monomers. The Pd and Ni complexes are able to catalyze ethylene polymerization in aqueous media to yield polyethylene particles. Fe and Co complexes with bis(imino)pyridine ligands show high catalytic activity for ethylene polymerization to yield linear polyethylene. Complexes of the metals such as Rh, Ir, Ru, and Ag were revealed to become catalytically active by proper design of the ligand. Not only monometallic complexes but also bimetallic or multimetallic complexes are used for ethylene polymerization. Late transition metal complexes catalyze selective cyclopolymerization of non-conjugated dienes and trienes to afford the polymers with cycloalkane groups with controlled stereochemistry.

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Catalytic Ethylene Polymerisation in Carbon Dioxide as a Reaction Medium with Soluble Nickel(II) Catalysts

Cited by 40 publications

References 60 publications

Anion exchange membranes composed of perfluoroalkylene chains and ammonium-functionalized oligophenylenes

Anion exchange membranes composed of perfluoroalkylene chains and ammonium-functionalized oligophenylenes

Aqueous Dispersions of Nonspherical Polyethylene Nanoparticles from Free‐Radical Polymerization under Mild Conditions

Olefin Polymerization with Non-metallocene Catalysts (Late Transition Metals)

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