“…[48][49][50] Noble-metal nanocrystals with specic dimensions (zero-dimensional, one-dimensional, two-dimensional, and three-dimensional) 51,52 and morphologies (ultrane particles, polyhedra, nanowires, nanosheets, porous structure, etc.) 24,41,53,54 show excellent electrocatalytic performance due to their large surface-atom ratios, abundant active sites, and excellent structural stabilities. For example, Xia et al 25 deemed that the construction of special micro-nano-structures, such as nanoframes, nanocages, nanolayers, and core-shell structures, could expose more surface atoms and obtain higher electrochemically active surface areas (ECSAs).…”