Catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes in the adult and prenatal human testis

Davidoff, M; Ungefroren, Hendrik; Middendorff, Ralf; Koeva, Yvetta; Bakalska, Mariana; Atanassova, Nina; Holstein, A. F.; Ježek, Davor; Pusch, Wolfgang; Müller, Dieter

doi:10.1007/s00418-005-0024-x

Cited by 29 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In previous studies, expression of PGP-9.5, NPY, DBH and 5-HT were reported in human Leydig cells (Davidoff et al 1993(Davidoff et al , 2005Middendorff et al 1993;Kanzaki et al 1996;Suburo et al 2002;Romeo et al 2004), which was confirmed by our study. Furthermore, we found VIP and CPON also present in Leydig cells for the first time.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Peptidergic not monoaminergic fibers profusely innervate the young adult human testis

Gong

Feng

et al. 2009

Journal of Anatomy

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Numerous studies have reported that intratesticular nerves exert important regulatory effects on the functions of the male gonad; however, as yet little is known about their distribution in the young adult human testis. The purpose of this study was to explore whether peptidergic and adrenergic nerves occur in the male gonad of this age, and, if present, to depict their distribution further. Thirty testes were collected from 15 reproductively healthy donors aged 21-32 years. Antibodies against protein gene product 9.5 (PGP 9.5), neuropeptide Y (NPY), C-terminal flanking peptide of NPY (CPON) and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) were employed for immunohistochemical detection of intratesticular peptidergic nerves, and those against dopamine-beta-hydroxylase (DBH) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) for monoaminergic ones. The testicular parenchyma exhibited a rich innervation by PGP 9.5-positive fibers, mainly associated with Leydig cell nests, blood vessels, and seminiferous tubules. Numerous NPY-and CPON-immunoreactive (IR) nerves also appeared in the gonads, but the vast majority were confined to blood vessels. A small number of VIP-IR fibers were detected in some arterioles. By contrast, however, no fibers displaying DBH or 5-HT immunoreactivity were observed within the testis. Additionally, expression of PGP-9.5, NPY, CPON, VIP, DBH and 5-HT was found in Leydig cells, PGP 9.5 in spermatogonia, and NPY and CPON in peritubular myoid cells. Our results suggest that the young adult human testis is devoid of monoaminergic nerves but profusely innervated by peptidergic fibers, which may serve as major neuronal regulators for testicular functions at this age.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Peptidergic not monoaminergic fibers profusely innervate the young adult human testis

Gong

Feng

et al. 2009

Journal of Anatomy

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“…In keratinocytes, activation of the beta2 AR results in dephosphorylation and inactivation of phospho-ERK MAP kinase, through the activation of the protein phosphatase PP2A [33]. ERK is activated by wounding [95] and is required for wound repair both in confluent keratinocyte cultures [96] and in human epidermis [97,98]. Thus, inactivation of ERK by its dephosphorylation as a direct consequence of activation of the beta2 AR results in a reduced capacity of the keratinocytes to migrate.…”

Section: Wound Healingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beta Adrenergic Receptors in Keratinocytes

Sivamani

Lam

Isseroff

2007

Dermatologic Clinics

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SynopsisBeta2 adrenergic receptors were identified in keratinocytes more than 30 years ago, but their function in the epidermis continues to be elucidated. Abnormalities in their expression, signaling pathway, or in the generation of endogenous catecholamine agonists by keratinocytes have been implicated in the pathogenesis of cutaneous diseases such as atopic dermatitis, vitiligo and psoriasis. New studies also indicate that the beta2AR also modulates keratinocyte migration, and thus can function to regulate wound re-epithelialization. This review focuses on the function of these receptors in keratinocytes and their contribution to cutaneous physiology and disease.Keywords beta-adrenergic; keratinocyte; atopic dermatitis; psoriasis; vitiligo; wound Physiology of the beta2 adrenergic receptor in keratinocytesOf the several identified classes of adrenergic receptors (alpha and beta, and their subtypes), it is of particular interest to note that human keratinocytes, the cells the make up the majority of the epidermis, express only beta2 adrenergic receptors (beta2AR) [1][2][3][4]. The beta adrenergic receptor is a classic seven transmembrane G protein coupled receptor. These receptors serve as the endogenous receptor to the catecholamine hormones norepinephrine and epinephrine, and can be further subdivided into beta1, beta2, and beta3 subtypes, based on their differential pharmacological response to catecholamines and specific antagonists, as well as differences in their protein sequences [5][6][7].The first studies to suggest the presence of betaAR in the epidermis were functional ones that demonstrated an increase in levels of cAMP in keratinocytes after stimulation with non-specific betaAR agonists [8,9]. Subsequently, work using agonists and antagonists with specificity for the different adrenergic receptor subtypes demonstrated that the increase in keratinocyte

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“…Another example is the Leydig cells of the mammalian testes, in which the steroid hormone testosterone is produced mainly in response to pituitary gonadotropin. However, catecholamine signaling through β-adrenergic receptors, the orthologs of Octβ3R, also promotes the production of testosterone from cultured fetal Leydig cells (30,31), which may be the site of catecholamine synthesis in the fetal and mature human testes (32). Thus, monoamines may play a conserved role in modulating and/or stimulating steroid hormone production during physiological and developmental transitions.…”

Section: Octβ3rmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autocrine regulation of ecdysone synthesis by β3-octopamine receptor in the prothoracic gland is essential for Drosophila metamorphosis

Ohhara

Shimada-Niwa

Niwa

et al. 2015

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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In Drosophila, pulsed production of the steroid hormone ecdysone plays a pivotal role in developmental transitions such as metamorphosis. Ecdysone production is regulated in the prothoracic gland (PG) by prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) and insulin-like peptides (Ilps). Here, we show that monoaminergic autocrine regulation of ecdysone biosynthesis in the PG is essential for metamorphosis. PG-specific knockdown of a monoamine G protein-coupled receptor, β3-octopamine receptor (Octβ3R), resulted in arrested metamorphosis due to lack of ecdysone. Knockdown of tyramine biosynthesis genes expressed in the PG caused similar defects in ecdysone production and metamorphosis. Moreover, PTTH and Ilps signaling were impaired by Octβ3R knockdown in the PG, and activation of these signaling pathways rescued the defect in metamorphosis. Thus, monoaminergic autocrine signaling in the PG regulates ecdysone biogenesis in a coordinated fashion on activation by PTTH and Ilps. We propose that monoaminergic autocrine signaling acts downstream of a body size checkpoint that allows metamorphosis to occur when nutrients are sufficiently abundant.Drosophila | ecdysone | monoamine | prothoracic gland | metamorphosis

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Catecholamine-synthesizing enzymes in the adult and prenatal human testis

Cited by 29 publications

References 59 publications

Peptidergic not monoaminergic fibers profusely innervate the young adult human testis

Peptidergic not monoaminergic fibers profusely innervate the young adult human testis

Beta Adrenergic Receptors in Keratinocytes

Autocrine regulation of ecdysone synthesis by β3-octopamine receptor in the prothoracic gland is essential for Drosophila metamorphosis

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