Cationic Lipid Content in Liposome-Encapsulated Nisin Improves Sustainable Bactericidal Activity against Streptococcus mutans

Abstract

An oral infectious disease, dental caries, is caused by the cariogenic streptococci Streptococcus mutans. The expected preventive efficiency for prophylactics against dental caries is not yet completely observed. Nisin, a bacteriocin, has been demonstrated to be microbicidal against S. mutans, and liposome-encapsulated nisin improves preventive features that may be exploited for human oral health. Here we examined the bactericidal effect of charged lipids on nisin-loaded liposomes against S. mutans and inhibitory efficiency for insoluble glucan synthesis by the streptococci for prevention of dental caries. Cationic liposome, nisin-loaded dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/phytosphingosine, exhibited higher bactericidal activities than those of electroneutral liposome and anionic liposome. Bactericidal efficiency of the cationic liposome revealed that the vesicles exhibited sustained inhibition of glucan synthesis and the lowest rate of release of nisin from the vesicles. The optimizing ability of cationic liposome-encapsulated nisin that exploit the sustained preventive features of an anti-streptococcal strategy may improve prevention of dental caries.

Lipid nanoparticle-based formulations for high-performance dentistry applications

“…In a study, comparing both negatively and positively charged lipid NPs loaded with Nisin, a bacteriocin, the positively charged LNPs with Nisin showed stronger bactericidal property compared to the 'as-prepared' and negatively charged LNPs against S. mutans and released the bacteriocin in a controlled fashion for a longer time. 190 In a similar study against S. mutans, 100 pmol Nisin-loaded LNPs completely inhibited the glucanbiofilm synthesis, which is a preferred mechanism for survival and colonization by bacterial species. In addition, the delivery of the Nisin via LNPs reduced the inhibitory concentration by a factor of 4 when compared to pure Nisin.…”

An Update on Antimicrobial Peptides (AMPs) and Their Delivery Strategies for Wound Infections

“…Such a system could reduce nephrotoxicity caused by free vancomycin, while enhancing the effect in lung infection. Similarly, nisin encapsulated into cationic liposomes exhibited efficient microbicidal activity against S. mutans [165].…”

New Technological Approaches for Dental Caries Treatment: From Liquid Crystalline Systems to Nanocarriers

“…Thus, the advantages of these delivery systems have made them attractive for the treatment of dentistry diseases. Their use have been described for prevention of caries and periodontitis through the disruption of oral biofilms [ 66 , 67 , 92 , 93 , 94 ], reduction in acid erosion [ 95 ], and enhancement of the biomineralization for dental tissue regeneration [ 68 , 96 ].…”

“…Furthermore, in vitro assay indicated a higher antimicrobial activity of cationic liposomes when compared with the control group (2-fold higher), which was greater than non-ionic and anionic liposomes (1.3- and 0.6-fold, respectively). The results demonstrated that the electrostatic interaction between liposomes and bacterial membranes can be a great strategy to enhance oral retention and improve the activity against microorganisms [ 66 ].…”