CD16 Expression on Monocytes in Healthy Individuals but Not Schistosome-Infected Patients Is Positively Associated with Levels of Parasite-Specific IgG and IgG1

Appleby, Laura J.; Nausch, Norman; Erskine, Louise; Bourke, Claire D.; Rujeni, Nadine; Midzi, Nicholas; Mduluza, Takafira; Mutapi, Francisca

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0003049

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 55 publications

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“…Our own studies have shown that both antibody [ 10 ] and cellular responses [ 11 – 13 ] are altered during S . haematobium infection, while our mechanistic studies have started to shown how schistosomes modulate the immune pathways (see for example [ 14 , 15 ]). Investigations of interaction between the gut microbiome (also known to play a central role in the development and homeostasis of the immune response) and helminth infection (susceptibility to infection and pathology) are still in their infancy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Faecal Microbiome in Schistosoma haematobium Infected Children vs. Uninfected Children

et al. 2015

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BackgroundSeveral infectious diseases and therapeutic interventions cause gut microbe dysbiosis and associated pathology. We characterised the gut microbiome of children exposed to the helminth Schistosoma haematobium pre- and post-treatment with the drug praziquantel (PZQ), with the aim to compare the gut microbiome structure (abundance and diversity) in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children.MethodsStool DNA from 139 children aged six months to 13 years old; with S. haematobium infection prevalence of 27.34% was extracted at baseline. 12 weeks following antihelminthic treatment with praziqunatel, stool DNA was collected from 62 of the 139 children. The 16S rRNA genes were sequenced from the baseline and post-treatment samples and the sequence data, clustered into operational taxonomic units (OTUs). The OTU data were analysed using multivariate analyses and paired T- test.ResultsPre-treatment, the most abundant phyla were Bacteroidetes, followed by Firmicutes and Proteobacteria respectively. The relative abundance of taxa among bacterial classes showed limited variation by age group or sex and the bacterial communities had similar overall compositions. Although there were no overall differences in the microbiome structure across the whole age range, the abundance of 21 OTUs varied significantly with age (FDR<0.05). Some OTUs including Veillonella, Streptococcus, Bacteroides and Helicobacter were more abundant in children ≤ 1 year old compared to older children. Furthermore, the gut microbiome differed in schistosome infected vs. uninfected children with 27 OTU occurring in infected but not uninfected children, for 5 of these all Prevotella, the difference was statistically significant (p <0.05) with FDR <0.05. PZQ treatment did not alter the microbiome structure in infected or uninfected children from that observed at baseline.ConclusionsThere are significant differences in the gut microbiome structure of infected vs. uninfected children and the differences were refractory to PZQ treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in the Faecal Microbiome in Schistosoma haematobium Infected Children vs. Uninfected Children

et al. 2015

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Urogenital Schistosomiasis—Evidence-Based Benefits of Treatment Initiated Early During Childhood

Mduluza

Chimponda

Mduluza-Jokonya

et al. 2017

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Effects of Schistosoma haematobium infection and treatment on the systemic and mucosal immune phenotype, gene expression and microbiome: A systematic review

Mertelsmann,

Bowers,

Wright

et al. 2024

PLoS Negl Trop Dis

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Background Urogenital schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma haematobium affects approximately 110 million people globally, with the majority of cases in low- and middle-income countries. Schistosome infections have been shown to impact the host immune system, gene expression, and microbiome composition. Studies have demonstrated variations in pathology between schistosome subspecies. In the case of S. haematobium, infection has been associated with HIV acquisition and bladder cancer. However, the underlying pathophysiology has been understudied compared to other schistosome species. This systematic review comprehensively investigates and assimilates the effects of S. haematobium infection on systemic and local host mucosal immunity, cellular gene expression and microbiome. Methods We conducted a systematic review assessing the reported effects of S. haematobium infections and anthelmintic treatment on the immune system, gene expression and microbiome in humans and animal models. This review followed PRISMA guidelines and was registered prospectively in PROSPERO (CRD42022372607). Randomized clinical trials, cohort, cross-sectional, case-control, experimental ex vivo, and animal studies were included. Two reviewers performed screening independently. Results We screened 3,177 studies and included 94. S. haematobium was reported to lead to: (i) a mixed immune response with a predominant type 2 immune phenotype, increased T and B regulatory cells, and select pro-inflammatory cytokines; (ii) distinct molecular alterations that would compromise epithelial integrity, such as increased metalloproteinase expression, and promote immunological changes and cellular transformation, specifically upregulation of genes p53 and Bcl-2; and (iii) microbiome dysbiosis in the urinary, intestinal, and genital tracts. Conclusion S. haematobium induces distinct alterations in the host’s immune system, molecular profile, and microbiome. This leads to a diverse range of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses and impaired integrity of the local mucosal epithelial barrier, elevating the risks of secondary infections. Further, S. haematobium promotes cellular transformation with oncogenic potential and disrupts the microbiome, further influencing the immune system and genetic makeup. Understanding the pathophysiology of these interactions can improve outcomes for the sequelae of this devastating parasitic infection.

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CD16 Expression on Monocytes in Healthy Individuals but Not Schistosome-Infected Patients Is Positively Associated with Levels of Parasite-Specific IgG and IgG1

Cited by 3 publications

References 55 publications

Differences in the Faecal Microbiome in Schistosoma haematobium Infected Children vs. Uninfected Children

Differences in the Faecal Microbiome in Schistosoma haematobium Infected Children vs. Uninfected Children

Urogenital Schistosomiasis—Evidence-Based Benefits of Treatment Initiated Early During Childhood

Effects of Schistosoma haematobium infection and treatment on the systemic and mucosal immune phenotype, gene expression and microbiome: A systematic review

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