CdS-Nanoparticle/Polymer Composite Shells Grown on Silica Nanospheres by Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization

Abstract

In this paper we describe the combined use of surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and a gas/solid reaction in the direct preparation of CdS‐nanoparticle/block‐copolymer composite shells on silica nanospheres. The block copolymer, consisting of poly(cadmium dimethacrylate) (PCDMA) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), is obtained by repeatedly performing the surface‐initiated ATRP procedures in N,N‐dimethylformamide (DMF) solution at room temperature, using cadmium dimethacrylate (CDMA) and methyl methacrylate (MMA) as the monomers. CdS nanoparticles with an average size of about 3 nm are generated in situ by exposing the silica nanospheres coated with block‐copolymer shells to H2S gas. These synthetic core–shell nanospheres were characterized using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), diffuse reflectance UV‐vis spectroscopy, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD). These composite nanospheres exhibit strong red photoluminescence in the solid state at room temperature.

Biocompatible, Luminescent Silver@Phenol Formaldehyde Resin Core/Shell Nanospheres: Large‐Scale Synthesis and Application for In Vivo Bioimaging

“…In particular, metal nanoparticles encapsulated by polymer already exhibit potential applications as catalysts. [11,12] The synthetic routes include a layer-by-layer self assembly technique, [13][14][15][16] shell polymerization on the particle surface, [5,17,18] and deposition of the core into the shell. [2] Various shell-structure components have been studied such as polyaniline, [19,20] polystyrene, [21] poly(benzylthiocyanate), [17] and poly(benzyl methacrylate).…”

Surface‐initiated atom transfer radical polymerization from Mg(OH)2 nanoparticles to prepare the well‐defined polymer‐Mg(OH)2 nanocomposites

“…The thermal properties, including T d and T g , establish the formation of the diblock copolymer. [18][19][20][21] The T d shifts downward and the T g shifts upward as anticipated for the PMMA block. Only one T g is observed and explained below (Fig.…”

“…[18][19][20][21] The composition of the Mg(OH) 2 -g-PS-b-PMMA was characterized by FTIR and proton NMR spectroscopy. Figure 5 presents the FTIR analysis of the Mg(OH) 2 -g-PS and Mg(OH) 2 -g-PS-b-PMMA nanocomposites.…”

The Biomimetic Mineralization Closer to a Real Biomineralization

“…Although hydrogen sulfide gas is widely used to fabricate PbS Zhao, et al, 1992;Zhu, et al, 1992;Tassoni & Schrock, 1994;Yang & Fendler, 1995;Mukherjee, et al, 1997;Shenton, et al, 1999;Ni, et al, 2004;Lu, et al, 2005) and CdS (Lianos & Thomas, 1987;Wang & Mahler, 1987;Facci, et al, 1994;Cui, et al, 2005;Lu, et al, 2005) nanoparticles, it only served as a gas reactant, which is completely different from the concept that ammonia used as a catalyst dissolves in an aqueous metal salt solution to initiate hydrolysis. It should be noted that Morse et al, for the first time, put forward the concept that the vapor-liquid interface generated by the vapor-diffusion of catalyst (ammonia) can work as the nucleation template .…”