“…These values were owing to the 5d-4f transitions of Ce 3+ ions. [31][32][33][34][35][36][37] In addition, σ of the Ce:YSO samples were 0.20 (0.1%), 0.39 (0.5%), 0.57 (1.0%), and 0.52 (2.0%), respectively. Since 3σ of the 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0% Ce: YSO samples were 0.58, 1.2, 1.7, and 1.6, respectively, the difference of the PL decay time constant was within statistical error.…”