CeCo5 thin films with perpendicular anisotropy grown by molecular beam epitaxy

Sharma, Shalini; Hildebrandt, Erwin; Major, M.; Komissinskiy, Philipp; Radulov, I.; Alff, Lambert

doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2017.12.042

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…To facilitate the simultaneous nucleation of both phases, the Sm–Co nanocomposite film is fabricated at compositions intermediate of Sm 2 Co 17 and SmCo 5 . Based on the thin-film phase diagrams established in our earlier studies, the evaporation rates of Sm and Co are chosen to be 0.16 and 0.25 Å s –1 , respectively. − The films are deposited onto (001)-Al 2 O 3 substrates at 540 °C. The results of the crystal structure investigation are shown in Figure .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Sharma

Zintler

Günzing

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Utilizing the molecular beam epitaxy technique, a nanoscale thin-film magnet of c-axis-oriented Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 phases is stabilized. While typically in the prototype Sm(Co, Fe, Cu, Zr)7.5–8 pinning-type magnets, an ordered nanocomposite is formed by complex thermal treatments, here, a one-step approach to induce controlled phase separation in a binary Sm–Co system is shown. A detailed analysis of the extended X-ray absorption fine structure confirmed the coexistence of Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 phases with 65% Sm2Co17 and 35% SmCo5. The SmCo5 phase is stabilized directly on an Al2O3 substrate up to a thickness of 4 nm followed by a matrix of Sm2Co17 intermixed with SmCo5. This structural transition takes place through coherent atomic layers, as revealed by scanning transmission electron microscopy. Highly crystalline growth of well-aligned Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 phases with coherent interfaces result in strong exchange interaction, leading to enhanced magnetization and magnetic coupling. The arrangement of Sm2Co17 and SmCo5 phases at the nanoscale is reflected in the observed magnetocrystalline anisotropy and coercivity. As next-generation permanent magnets require designing of materials at an atomic level, this work enhances our understanding of self-assembling and functioning of nanophased magnets and contributes to establishing new concepts to engineer the microstructure for beyond state-of-the-art magnets.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Sharma

Zintler

Günzing

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…Magnetic anisotropy is a key characteristic of magnetic materials and plays an important role in various applications, such as spin electronic devices [1][2][3][4], microelectromechanical systems [5], magnetic nanosensors [6], magnetic storage [7], and magnetic recording [8,9]. In magnetic films, the easy magnetization direction is often preferentially oriented within the plane, making it difficult to obtain films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy, which severely limits the development of high-performance functional devices [10,11]. Epitaxial growth is one effective method for fabricating films with perpendicular anisotropy [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Success of Fabrication of Pure SmFe2 Phase Film with Outstanding Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy

Liao,

Wang,

Shen

et al. 2024

Materials

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This study used DC magnetron sputtering technology to fabricate Sm-Fe films and systematically investigated the phase transition behavior of Sm-Fe films with different Fe ratios. It was found that at higher Fe content, the films consisted of Sm2Fe17 or SmFe7 phases; as Fe content decreased, the films were mainly composed of SmFe3 or SmFe2 phases; at higher Sm content, the films primarily consisted of Sm phase. Sm is prone to volatilization at high temperatures, so Ta was used as a capping layer to effectively suppress Sm volatilization, successfully synthesizing pure SmFe2 phase films at a nearly 1:2 ratio. The magnetic properties and magnetostrictive behavior of the SmFe2 films were investigated, revealing that pure-phase SmFe2 films exhibit good perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and magnetostriction properties. The larger stress along the perpendicular-to-film direction, resulting from the absence of substrate-induced constraints, contributes to the excellent perpendicular magnetic anisotropy of the films. This study successfully synthesized pure-phase SmFe2 films and discovered a new method for fabricating perpendicularly anisotropic films. The research findings are of great significance for the efficient synthesis of desired films with high phase formation temperatures containing volatile elements.

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“…Compounds such as LaCo 5 , CeCo 5 , and YCo 5 , as well as SmCo 5 , all crystallize into the hexagonal CaCu 5 -type crystal structure, characterized by a space group of P6/mmm. However, it is noteworthy that only YCo 5 exhibits intrinsic magnetic properties that are on par with or even surpass those of SmCo 5 [16][17][18][19]. Specifically, both SmCo 5 and YCo 5 exhibit high magnetic anisotropy, owing to the interaction between the 4f electrons of samarium (Sm) atoms and the hexagonal crystal field, as well as the spin-orbit coupling of the 3d electrons of cobalt (Co) atoms [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase Formation and Magnetic Properties of (Y1−xSmx)Co5 Melt-Spun Ribbons

Liu,

Yang,

Zheng

et al. 2024

Metals

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Using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), the effects of Sm substitution, wheel speed, and annealing temperature on the phase formation and magnetic properties of (Y1−xSmx)Co5 (x = 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5) melt-spun ribbons were investigated. The results indicate the following: (1) With the increase in Sm substitution, it was found that (Y1−xSmx)Co5 ribbons are entirely composed of the (Y-Sm)Co5 phase with a CaCu5-type structure. Additionally, the coercivity gradually increases, while the remanence and saturation magnetization gradually decrease. (2) As the wheel speed increases, the (Y1−xSmx)Co5 ribbons exhibit an increasing proportion of (Y-Sm)Co5 phase until reaching a speed of 40 m/s, where they are entirely composed of the (Y-Sm)Co5 phase. Magnetic measurements show that the coercivity (Hcj) and remanence (Br) of (Y0.5Sm0.5)Co5 ribbons increase gradually with increasing wheel speed, while saturation magnetization decreases. The variation in magnetic properties is mainly attributed to the formation of nucleation centers for reversed magnetic domain (2:7 and 2:17 phases); (3) (Y0.5Sm0.5)Co5 ribbons are composed of the (Y-Sm)Co5 phase and a small amount of the Sm2Co7 phase after annealing at 550 °C, 600 °C, and 650 °C. Temperature elevation promotes crystallization of the amorphous phase, resulting in a gradual decrease in coercivity, while the remanence and saturation magnetization exhibit an overall increasing trend. Through continuous optimization of the process, favorable magnetic properties were achieved under the conditions of a 0.5 Sm substitution level, a wheel speed of 40 m/s, and an annealing temperature of 550 °C, with a coercivity of 7.98 kOe, remanence of 444 kA/m, and saturation magnetization of 508 kA/m.

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CeCo5 thin films with perpendicular anisotropy grown by molecular beam epitaxy

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

The Success of Fabrication of Pure SmFe2 Phase Film with Outstanding Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy

Phase Formation and Magnetic Properties of (Y1−xSmx)Co5 Melt-Spun Ribbons

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CeCo5 thin films with perpendicular anisotropy grown by molecular beam epitaxy

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm2Co17–SmCo5 Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm2Co17–SmCo5 Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

The Success of Fabrication of Pure SmFe2 Phase Film with Outstanding Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy

Phase Formation and Magnetic Properties of (Y1−xSmx)Co5 Melt-Spun Ribbons

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About

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets

Epitaxy Induced Highly Ordered Sm₂Co₁₇–SmCo₅ Nanoscale Thin-Film Magnets