Cefepime versus ceftazidime: considerations for empirical use in critically ill patients

Roberts, Jason A.; Webb, Steven A R; Lipman, Jeffrey

doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.08.031

Cited by 28 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 121 publications

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“…These data show, in line with previous reviews [3,24], that the pharmacokinetic parameters of ␤-lactam antibiotics are markedly different in seriously ill patients compared with healthy volunteers. Altered drug clearance and increased volume of distribution (Vd) are common [25,26].…”

Section: Infusion and Bolus Administration Have Equivalent Pharmacokisupporting

confidence: 93%

Continuous infusion of β-lactam antibiotics in severe infections: a review of its role

Roberts¹,

Paratz²,

Paratz³

et al. 2007

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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133

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Section: Infusion and Bolus Administration Have Equivalent Pharmacokisupporting

confidence: 93%

Continuous infusion of β-lactam antibiotics in severe infections: a review of its role

Roberts¹,

Paratz²,

Paratz³

et al. 2007

International Journal of Antimicrobial Agents

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133

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“…Among various transposable resistance determinants, the emergence and dissemination of genes encoding extended spectrum b-lactamases (ESBLs), which could hydrolyze thirdand fourth-generation cephalosporins, has raised great public concerns because b-lactam antimicrobials are one of the most important antimicrobial classes in clinical treatment for both humans and animals (Roberts et al, 2007;Carattoli, 2008). Although ESBL-producing bacteria have been widely recorded in various human medical institutions (Paterson and Bonomo, 2005), there are limited data from the animal bacterial population.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissemination of Cefotaxime-M-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates in Poultry Farms, But Not Swine Farms, in China

et al. 2010

Foodborne Pathogens and Disease

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The objective of this study was to investigate the distribution of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli isolates in swine and poultry farms in China. Rectal or cloaca swabs of swine and chicken were collected from four province-level regions of China, and E. coli isolates were recovered and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The isolates producing ESBLs were further characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and sequence analysis of genes encoding β -lactamases and class I integrons. In total, 156 and 224 E. coli isolates were recovered from rectal swabs of four swine farms and cloaca swabs of six chicken farms, respectively. Prevalence of resistant isolates was higher in chicken than in swine. Fifty-six isolates producing ESBLs were identified from chicken samples, but no ESBL-producing isolates were identified from swine samples. Of 56 ESBL-producing isolates, 54 isolates contained cefotaxime (CTX)-M type β-lactamases, including bla(CTX-M-14) (n = 24), bla(CTX-M-65) (n = 13), bla(CTX-M-55) (n = 10), bla(CTX-M-24) (n = 3), bla(CTX-M-3) (n = 2), bla(CTX-M-15) (n = 1), and bla(CTX-M-64) (n = 1). Among 54 E. coli isolates containing bla(CTX-M), 11 PFGE clusters and 42 PFGE patterns were identified. More importantly, more than three-fourth of the ESBL-producing isolates in chicken were also resistant to ciprofloxacin. Our data demonstrated that chicken had become an important reservoir of bla(CTX-M) in China. Detailed molecular comparison of plasmids and genomes of isolates from various sources will help to better define the transmission dynamics of bla(CTX-M) between humans and food-producing animals.

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“…However, increased prevalence of resistance to cefepime among these organisms has been noted (14)(15)(16)(17)(18). As such, elucidating the epidemiology of cefepime-resistant P. aeruginosa is crucial to ensure that this agent remains a viable therapeutic option.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Cefepime-ResistantPseudomonas aeruginosa

Akhabue¹,

Synnestvedt²,

Weiner³

et al. 2011

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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Resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins complicates treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections. To elucidate risk factors for cefepime-resistant P. aeruginosa and determine its association with patient death, we conducted a case-control study in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Among 2,529 patients hospitalized during 2001-2006, a total of 213 (8.4%) had cefepime-resistant P. aeruginosa infection. Independent risk factors were prior use of an extended-spectrum cephalosphorin (p<0.001), prior use of an extended-spectrum penicillin (p = 0.005), prior use of a quinolone (p<0.001), and transfer from an outside facility (p = 0.01). Among those hospitalized at least 30 days, mortality rates were higher for those with cefepimeresistant than with cefepime-susceptible P. aeruginosa infection (20.2% vs. 13.2%, p = 0.007). Cefepime-resistant P. aeruginosa was an independent risk factor for death only for patients for whom it could be isolated from blood (p = 0.001). Strategies to counter its emergence should focus on optimizing use of antipseudomonal drugs.P seudomonas aeruginosa is one of the most common gram-negative bacterial causes of health careacquired infections (1-3). These infections result in high Medscape, LLC is pleased to provide online continuing medical education (CME) for this journal article, allowing clinicians the opportunity to earn CME credit.This activity has been planned and implemented in accordance with the Essential Areas and policies of the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education through the joint sponsorship of Medscape, LLC and Emerging Infectious Diseases. Medscape, LLC is accredited by the ACCME to provide continuing medical education for physicians.Medscape, LLC designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s) TM . Physicians should claim only the credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.All other clinicians completing this activity will be issued a certifi cate of participation. To participate in this journal CME activity: (1) review the learning objectives and author disclosures; (2) study the education content; (3) take the post-test and/or complete the evaluation at www.medscape.org/journal/eid; (4) view/print certifi cate. Learning Objectives Upon completion of this activity, participants will be able to:• Distinguish the prevalence of cefepime-resistant P. aeruginosa• Analyze risk factors for the development of cefepime-resistant P. aeruginosa• Evaluate the effects of cefepime-resistant P. aeruginosa on the risk for mortality.

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Cefepime versus ceftazidime: considerations for empirical use in critically ill patients

Cited by 28 publications

References 121 publications

Continuous infusion of β-lactam antibiotics in severe infections: a review of its role

Continuous infusion of β-lactam antibiotics in severe infections: a review of its role

Dissemination of Cefotaxime-M-Producing Escherichia coli Isolates in Poultry Farms, But Not Swine Farms, in China

Cefepime-ResistantPseudomonas aeruginosa

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