Cell-Free at Millimeter Wave Frequency Simulation Using the Ray Tracing Method

Silva, Higo Thaian Pereira da; Duarte, Rafael Moura; Alencar, Marcelo S.; Queiroz, Wamberto J. L.

doi:10.23919/eucap48036.2020.9135459

Cited by 6 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Citation information: DOI 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3196000 of the M APs and K users are randomly associated to M × K N v valid coordinates. To increase the amount of data generated per simulation, several user groups (UG) were considered [24]. Each UG is composed by K users and there is no dependency between members of different UGs.…”

Section: B Environment Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In order to expand the results presented in [24], CF networks with APs equipped with multiple antennas, operating at 26 GHz, 38 GHz and 73 GHz, are evaluated by ray tracing simulations. The main objective of this work is to present design and performance evaluations of realistic CF networks using a channel model that incorporates the particularities of real propagation channels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Cell-Free Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems Based on Site-Specific Ray Tracing Simulations

et al. 2022

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Ultra densification of the number of antennas combined with the use of large bandwidths in the millimeter wave (mmWave) spectrum is considered one of the main methodologies to achieve the quality of service requirements for future generations of wireless communications. Massive multipleinput multiple-output (mMIMO) cell-free (CF) systems have a large number of access points (APs) distributed in the coverage area, serving simultaneously a smaller number of users consuming the same timefrequency resources. In order to support realistic CF networks designs, this work proposes a performance analysis based on ray tracing simulations. The propagation modeling considers reflection, diffraction, diffuse scattering, atmospheric molecular absorption and foliage and rainfall losses. CF networks with APs equipped with multiple antennas operating in the 26 GHz, 38 GHz and 73 GHz bands are evaluated. From the simulation results, the communication channel is characterized and parameterized. Different performance analysis of CF networks are performed, based on downlink spectral efficiency. In addition, the performance of CF networks in rainy environments is evaluated, and it has been observed that this architecture promotes resistance to the effect of rain attenuation.INDEX TERMS cell-free, massive MIMO, millimeter wave, ray tracing, spectral efficiency.

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Section: B Environment Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Cell-Free Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems Based on Site-Specific Ray Tracing Simulations

et al. 2022

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“…Uplink processing MMSE [59,124,145,146] ZF [147] Power allocation and load balancing [148] Max-min power control [149] Pilot power control [150] Sequential linear MMSE [120] mmWave Limited fronthaul capacity [151] Power control [152] Channel modeling [153] Energy efficiency [154] Energy Efficiency [116,132,[155][156][157] Imperfect Fronthaul [158][159][160][161][162][163][164] Low Resolution ADCs [163,[165][166][167] Hardware Impairments [164,[168][169][170] Non-orthogonal [171][172][173][174][175] Multiple Access…”

Section: Topics Aspects and Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell-Free Massive MIMO : Scalability, Signal Processing and Power Control

Interdonato

2020

Linköping Studies in Science and Technology. Dissertations

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Linköping 2020 This is a Swedish Doctor of Philosophy thesis. The Doctor of Philosophy degree comprises 240 ECTS credits of postgraduate studies. Cover: Illustration of the Ericsson Radio Stripes concept, co-invented by the author of this thesis. The Radio Stripes constitute a way to implement a cell-free massive MIMO system. They aim at enabling invisible, low-cost deployment of large number of distributed access points in the vicinity of the users. This is achieved by serial integration of several transmitting and receiving components into a cable (or stripe) which also provides fronthaul communication and power supply.

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“…In the literature, we can find different research works that carry out, by means of RT, a characterization of the C-mMIMO [32][33][34][35] and D-mMIMO [36] channel. Comparative studies of both channels focus, in general, on urban environments [37][38][39]. In fact, there are few publications that analyze D-mMIMO channels in indoor environments [40] and, to our best knowledge, none in medium/large indoor environments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison Between Concentrated and Distributed Massive MIMO Channels at 26 GHz in a Large Indoor Environment Using Ray-Tracing

et al. 2022

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In this paper, a comparative analysis between concentrated and distributed massive multiple-input multiple-output channels (C-mMIMO and D-mMIMO respectively), in an indoor environment using ray-tracing (RT) in the 26 GHz band is presented. The comparison is carried out in a realistic scenario consisting of a floor of a large building. The simulations emulated the up-link channel in an indoor cell in the framework of a time division duplex (TDD) -orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (TDD-OFDM) system. Both base stations, concentrated and distributed, were equipped with an array consisting of 100 antennas, and the maximum number of 20 simultaneously active users is considered. The channels are simulated using a well-tested and rigorous RT software. Using RT channel modeling, this work characterizes the up-link channels with both technologies, estimating the coherence bandwidth of the channels and analyzing the achievable capacity, assuming perfect channel state information (CSI). The results show that the D-mMIMO channel outperforms the C-mMIMO one from the point of view of their behavior in broadband as well as in terms of the obtainable capacity.INDEX TERMS 5G mobile systems, channel capacity, coherence bandwidth, massive MIMO.

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Cell-Free at Millimeter Wave Frequency Simulation Using the Ray Tracing Method

Cited by 6 publications

References 10 publications

Evaluation of Cell-Free Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems Based on Site-Specific Ray Tracing Simulations

Evaluation of Cell-Free Millimeter-Wave Massive MIMO Systems Based on Site-Specific Ray Tracing Simulations

Cell-Free Massive MIMO : Scalability, Signal Processing and Power Control

A Comparison Between Concentrated and Distributed Massive MIMO Channels at 26 GHz in a Large Indoor Environment Using Ray-Tracing

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