Cell Migration after Synovium Graft Interposition at Tendon Repair Site

Abstract

Background We have recently reported that interpositional synovium grafts from tendon sheath have a potential to accelerate tendon healing when implanted at the repair site. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of orientation of the synovium after synovium graft transplantation, by comparing the ability of cells from the visceral and parietal surfaces to migrate into the tendon in a canine tissue culture model. Methods The synovium graft was placed within a complete tendon laceration, with either the visceral or parietal surface facing the proximal end of the lacerated tendon. The number of migrating cells was quantified by a cell migration assay. Qualitative immunohistochemistry and confocal laser microscopy were also used at day 10. Results Many labeled synovial cells were observed within the tendon to which the visceral surface of the synovium graft was facing. Migrated cells were also observed on the parietal side, but there were fewer cells compared to visceral surface cells. Migrating cells all expressed α-smooth muscle actin. Conclusion We found that graft orientation affected cell migration. Whether this finding has clinical significance awaits in vivo study.

Photochemical tissue bonding promotes the proliferation and migration of injured tenocytes through ROS/RhoA/NF‐κB/Dynamin 2 signaling pathway

“…Tenocytes are the main cells of Achilles tendon Dynamins with similar components and functions of fibroblast. The proliferation and migration of tenocytes is a basic biological behavior and is an important factor to promote tendon repair (Hayashi, Zhao, An, & Amadio, ). Dynamins are large molecular weight GTPases, 100 kDa in size and reside at these diverse cellular locations, which contain three subtypes, including dynamin 1 (DNM1), dynamin 2 (DNM2), and dynamin 3 (DNM3).…”

“…Tenocytes are the main cells of Achilles tendon Dynamins with similar components and functions of fibroblast. The proliferation and migration of tenocytes is a basic biological behavior and is an important factor to promote tendon repair (Hayashi, Zhao, An, & Amadio, 2012).…”

Evaluation of the Effects of Synovial Multipotent Cells on Deep Digital Flexor Tendon Repair in a Large Animal Model of Intra‐Synovial Tendinopathy

“…It is generally composed of two layers; a continuous layer overlying tissues composed of one or two sheets of fibroblastic and macrophage‐like synoviocytes called the intima, and an underlying collagenous extracellular matrix containing fibroblastic synoviocytes with blood and lymphatic vessels called the sub‐intima . Additionally, the synovium has been shown to contain multipotent MSCs with characteristics similar to bone marrow MSCs, but reportedly with a superior chondrogenic potential, and capable of engrafting from the synovium into tendon matrices in an ex vivo model …”

“…2,6 Additionally, the synovium has been shown to contain multipotent MSCs with characteristics similar to bone marrow MSCs, 7,8 but reportedly with a superior chondrogenic potential, 9 and capable of engrafting from the synovium into tendon matrices in an ex vivo model. 10 Intra-synovial tendinopathies, such as rotator cuff tears of the shoulder, which are frequently associated with rupture through the overlying synovial capsule and therefore exposed to synovial fluid, pose a significant socio-economic burden complicated further by limited effective treatment options. Frequently injury results in "failed healing" where the tendon integrity has not been restored.…”