Cell temperature measurement based on micro/nano materials and devices

Thermal Probing Techniques for a Single Live Cell

“…The technique of fluorescence nano-thermometry could be traced back to the 1940s [ 33 ], which was quickly developed and applied to detect the thermal properties of cells [ 19 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. The thermal resolution of organic fluorophores was too poor and could not identify a difference of 1 °C due to the fluorophores’ low sensitivity to temperature fluctuation.…”

“…In terms of temperature-sensitive nano-indicators, fluorescence nano-thermometry can be catalogued with different materials, including polymer molecules [ 34 , 47 ], quantum dots [ 48 , 49 ], organic clusters [ 50 ], bio-molecules [ 51 , 52 ], and DNA sectors [ 53 , 54 ]. In terms of the sensing mechanism and calibration techniques, they can be classified into four classes, namely those that use signal intensity [ 15 , 16 , 55 ], lifespan [ 13 , 14 ], excitation wavelength polarization [ 10 ], and spectrum [ 8 ] as the essential parameters.…”