Cell type‐specific regulation of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in states of allergic inflammation

Abstract

The demonstration of a decreased level of BDNF gene transcription in lesional MCs points to a differential regulation of MC-released neutrotrophins in cutaneous allergic inflammation. Topically administered neurotrophin receptor-modulating compounds should be receptor target specific and not universally acting in diseases such as atopic dermatitis or allergic asthma.

Protein changes in CSF of HIV-infected patients: evidence for loss of neuroprotection

“…Additional support for an interaction between BDNF expression and inflammation is found in various models. Decreases in BDNF expression have been associated with tissue damage in neurogenic inflammation of the retina (Bronzetti et al 2007), atopic dermatitis lesions (Groneberg et al 2007), brains of mice exposed to LPS (Schnydrig et al 2007), and in the CSF of HIV-infected patients (Albrecht et al 2006). In addition, in elderly patients, low plasma BDNF was found to be a robust biomarker of all cause mortality risk (Krabbe et al 2009).…”

Pan‐neurotrophin receptor p75NTR expression is strongly induced in lesional atopic mast cells

“…A mast cell‐specific regulation for NGF and BDNF [18] has been examined recently [12]. In this study, it was shown that the NGF stimulation of the mast cell line HMC‐1 resulted in increases in tryptase activity and histamine contents, paralleled by an increase of tryptase and histamine at the transcriptional level.…”

“…Walls, Southampton, GB), anti‐mast cell chymase (CC1) (DAKO, Hamburg, Germany), p75 (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Santa Cruz, CA, USA). To quantify mast cell numbers and assess mast cell p75 staining intensity, previously described and validated protocols were used [15–18]. In brief, sections were evaluated by two independent investigators as described previously and counting nucleated stained cells was performed using a raster covering 1/16 mm 2 at 1 : 400 magnification in at least five microscopic fields.…”

“…Counts were expressed as stained cells per mm 2 , as described previously [10, 15]. Quantification of mast cell staining intensity for neurotrophins and their receptors was performed using an intensity ranging from 0 to 3.5, as previously described and validated [12, 16–18]. Measurement of intensity was performed for at least four slides of each patient and control subject in a blinded fashion.…”

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome and the potential role of mast cell activation

“…Neurotrophins, a group of nerve growth factors playing a critical role in the growth and maintenance of nerve fibers, have been shown to act on the maturation and survival of mast cells. (Groneberg et al, 2005;Groneberg et al, 2007) Peng et al observed elevated expression of the neurotrophin receptors TrkA, TrkB and TrkC in human skin mast cells from mastocytosis subjects when compared with non-mastocytosis subjects. Peripheral CD117+ (CKIT) cells can migrate up a NGF-β gradient via TrkA on mast cells.…”