Cellular and Extracellular Components in Tumor Microenvironment and Their Application in Early Diagnosis of Cancers

Wei, Rui; Liu, Si; Zhang, Shutian; Min, Li; Zhu, Shoumin

doi:10.1155/2020/6283796

Cited by 116 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 125 publications

(159 reference statements)

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“…The TME is composed of stromal cells, ECM components, immune cells, vasculature, other cell types, and various signaling entities, including exosomes [15]. The crosstalk between cancer cells and other TME components drives tumor progression and metastasis [16].…”

Section: The Tme Regulates Tumor Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

The crosstalk between circular RNAs and the tumor microenvironment in cancer metastasis

Shao

Lü

2020

Cancer Cell Int

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Background Carcinomas are highly heterogeneous with regard to various cancer cells within a tumor microenvironment (TME), which is composed of stromal cells, blood vessels, immunocytes, and modified extracellular matrix. Focus of the study Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are non-coding RNAs that are expressed in cancer and stromal cells. They are closely associated with cancer metastasis as their expression in tumor cells directs the latter to migrate to different organs. circRNAs packaged in exosomes might be involved in this process. This is particularly important as the TME acts in tandem with cancer cells to enhance their proliferation and metastatic capability. In this review, we focus on recent studies on the crosstalk between circRNAs and the TME during cancer metastasis. Conclusion We particularly emphasize the roles of the interaction between circRNAs and the TME in anoikis resistance, vessel co-option, and local circRNA expression in directing homing of exosome.

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Section: The Tme Regulates Tumor Metastasismentioning

confidence: 99%

The crosstalk between circular RNAs and the tumor microenvironment in cancer metastasis

Shao

Lü

2020

Cancer Cell Int

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“…Low-back pain is a common global health burden, with an estimated annual cost of $500 billion in the United States (Dieleman et al, 2016;Manchikanti et al, 2014). It is often associated with degenerative disc disease, which is characterised by degeneration of the NP, the central gelatinous tissue of the IVD (Vergroesen et al, 2015). Given its avascular nature, the IVD poses a challenging microenvironment, with low levels of oxygen and glucose, which can exacerbate during IVD degeneration (Buckley et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This results in a more hostile microenvironment due to limited nutrient transport, such as oxygen and glucose, as well as accumulation of metabolic by-products, such as LacA. This change in microenvironment results in increased acidity within the IVD, with values as low as 5.7-6.8 (severe to mild degenerated disc) (Diamant et al, 1968;Nachemson, 1969), which affects cellular gene expression, proliferation and cell viability (Naqvi and Buckley, 2016;Razaq et al, 2003;Wuertz et al, 2009), leading to an imbalance in matrix anabolism and catabolism. Acidic microenvironments affect cells through different intracellular pathways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priming as a strategy to overcome detrimental pH effects on cells for intervertebral disc regeneration

Gansau¹,

Buckley

2021

eCM

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Disc disease is characterised by degeneration of the nucleus pulposus (NP), the central gelatinous tissue of the intervertebral disc (IVD). As degeneration progresses, the microenvironment of the IVD becomes more hostile (i.e. decrease in oxygen, glucose and pH), providing a significant challenge for regeneration using cell-based therapies. Tissue engineering strategies such as priming cells or micro tissues with growth factors prior to implantation may overcome some of these issues by providing a pre-formed protective niche composed of extracellular matrix. The present study investigated the effect of priming on bone-marrow-derived stem cells (BMSCs) and articular chondrocytes (ACs) using transforming growth factor β3 (TGF-β3), cultured at different pH levels (pH 7.1, 6.8 and 6.5) representative of the in vivo disc microenvironment. Low pH was found to have a detrimental effect on both cell viability and matrix accumulation, which could be mitigated by priming cells using TGF-β3. Investigating the activation of the transmembrane acid-sensing ion channels (ASIC-1 and -3) showed an increased expression of ASIC-1 in BMSCs and ASIC-3 in ACs at lower pH levels post-priming. Metabolic activity in terms of lactic acid production was also found to be affected significantly by priming, whereas oxygen and glucose consumptions did not change considerably. Overall, the study demonstrated that cells could be equipped to sustain the harsh environment of the IVD and promote accumulation of NP-like matrix through priming. Such an approach may open new avenues to engineer tissues capable of sustaining challenging microenvironments such as those found in the IVD.

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“…EV are detected in the tumour microenvironment (TME), and emerging evidence suggests that they play a role in facilitating tumourigenesis by regulating different processes, including tumour growth, angiogenesis, immunity, and metastasis formation. Circulating EV have also been exploited as liquid biopsies and recognized as biomarkers for early detection, diagnosis, treatment and response to treatment in cancer patients [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular Vesicles in the Tumour Microenvironment: Eclectic Supervisors

Cavallari

Camussi

Brizzi

2020

IJMS

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The tumour microenvironment (TME) plays a crucial role in the regulation of cell survival and growth by providing inhibitory or stimulatory signals. Extracellular vesicles (EV) represent one of the most relevant cell-to-cell communication mechanism among cells within the TME. Moreover, EV contribute to the crosstalk among cancerous, immune, endothelial, and stromal cells to establish TME diversity. EV contain proteins, mRNAs and miRNAs, which can be locally delivered in the TME and/or transferred to remote sites to dictate tumour behaviour. EV in the TME impact on cancer cell proliferation, invasion, metastasis, immune-escape, pre-metastatic niche formation and the stimulation of angiogenesis. Moreover, EV can boost or inhibit tumours depending on the TME conditions and their cell of origin. Therefore, to move towards the identification of new targets and the development of a novel generation of EV-based targeting approaches to gain insight into EV mechanism of action in the TME would be of particular relevance. The aim here is to provide an overview of the current knowledge of EV released from different TME cellular components and their role in driving TME diversity. Moreover, recent proposed engineering approaches to targeting cells in the TME via EV are discussed.

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Cellular and Extracellular Components in Tumor Microenvironment and Their Application in Early Diagnosis of Cancers

Cited by 116 publications

References 125 publications

The crosstalk between circular RNAs and the tumor microenvironment in cancer metastasis

The crosstalk between circular RNAs and the tumor microenvironment in cancer metastasis

Priming as a strategy to overcome detrimental pH effects on cells for intervertebral disc regeneration

Extracellular Vesicles in the Tumour Microenvironment: Eclectic Supervisors

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