Cellular polyamines of lower eukaryotes belonging to the phyla Glaucophyta, Rhodophyta, Cryptophyta, Haptophyta and Percolozoa

Hamana, Koei; Niitsu, Masaru

doi:10.2323/jgam.52.235

Cited by 7 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…1). Both of these unusual polyamines have been detected in lower, single-celled eukaryotes including dinoflagellates, cryptophytes, haptophytes, Euglena species, and diatoms (41,42). Nspd is also present in the green alga phylum Chlorophyta, where it is prevalent in classes Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyceae, including Chlamydomonas and Volvox, and Ulvophyceae but absent in Prasinophyceae (43).…”

Section: Biosynthetic Diversification Via Endosymbiotic and Horizontamentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamines in Eukaryotes, Bacteria, and Archaea

Michael

2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

244

208

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Polyamines are primordial polycations found in most cells and perform different functions in different organisms. Although polyamines are mainly known for their essential roles in cell growth and proliferation, their functions range from a critical role in cellular translation in eukaryotes and archaea, to bacterial biofilm formation and specialized roles in natural product biosynthesis. At first glance, the diversity of polyamine structures in different organisms appears chaotic; however, biosynthetic flexibility and evolutionary and ecological processes largely explain this heterogeneity. In this review, I discuss the biosynthetic, evolutionary, and physiological processes that constrain or expand polyamine structural and functional diversity.The common feature of diverse polyamines found in eukaryotes, bacteria, and archaea is that they are all derived from amino acids and are positively charged at physiological pH. Structurally, they are mostly linear and flexible aliphatic chains containing two or more amine groups. They include the diamines 1,3-diaminopropane (Dap), 2 1,4-diaminobutane (putrescine, Put), and 1,5-diaminopentane (cadaverine, Cad), triamines sym-norspermidine (Nspd), spermidine (Spd), and sym-homospermidine (Hspd), the uncommon triamines aminopropylcadaverine and aminobutylcadaverine, the tetraamines norspermine (Nspm), spermine (Spm), and thermospermine (Tspm), and the uncommon tetraamine aminopropyl homospermidine (Fig. 1), and a wide range of longer chain polyamines and branched polyamines. This review will cover the distribution and biosynthesis of different polyamines in the three domains of life and will discuss the mechanisms underlying this biosynthetic diversity.

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Section: Biosynthetic Diversification Via Endosymbiotic and Horizontamentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyamines in Eukaryotes, Bacteria, and Archaea

Michael

2016

Journal of Biological Chemistry

244

208

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“…Homospermidine was found in Massisteria marina (a cercomonas) alone in the present study. This triamine was found in several species of the phylum Rhodophyta (Hamana and Niitsu, 2006) but has never been detected in the algae belonging to other phyla.…”

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confidence: 83%

“…Norspermidine, homospermidine and norspermine have never been detected in Trichomonas or Giardia belonging to the phylum Metamonada, Acanthamoeba belonging to the phylum Acanthamoebidae, Amoeba belonging to the phylum Lobosea, Entamoeba belonging to the phylum Entamoebidae, or five species of the phylum Percolozoa (Gillin et al, 1984;Hamana and Niitsu, 2006;Hamana et al, 2006a).…”

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confidence: 97%

“…As shown in this study, non-parasitic heterotrophic Hexamita (a trepomonad) and Trepomonas species (a trepomonad) belonging to the superclass Eopharyngia contained putrescine, cadaverine and spermidine. Norspermidine and norspermine, widespread in phototrophic lower eukaryotic algae, have never been detected in the phylum Metamonad, nor in the four unicellular heterotrophic phyla Entamoebidae, Percolozoa, Acanthamoebidae and Lobosea or the lower eukaryotes located in the phyla Mycetozoa and Microsporidia (Hamana and Niitsu, 2006;Hamana et al, 2006a).…”

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confidence: 97%

“…

Glaucophyta and Rhodophyta, have been studied in order to consider the phylogenetic significance of cellular polyamine distributions in early evolution of eukaryotes Matsuzaki, 1982, 1985;Hamana and Niitsu, 2006;Hamana et al, 1990Hamana et al, , 2004a Hamana et al, , b, 2006a. In the eleven phyla, the three phototrophic phyla Glaucophyta, Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta, have plastids from the primary endosymbiosis of an oxygenic phototrophic prokaryote, cyanobacterium (blue-green alga), and multicellular species evolved within the latter two (Baldauf, 2003;Bhattacharya et al, 2004;Cavalier-Smith, 1998;Dyall et al, 2004;Falkowski et al, 2004;Inouye, 2006; NCBI website, 2007;Rodriguez-Ezpeleta et al, 2005).

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confidence: 99%

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Cellular polyamines of phototrophs and heterotrophs belonging to the lower eukaryotic phyla Cercozoa, Euglenozoa, Heterokonta and Metamonada

Hamana

2008

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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Glaucophyta and Rhodophyta, have been studied in order to consider the phylogenetic significance of cellular polyamine distributions in early evolution of eukaryotes Matsuzaki, 1982, 1985;Hamana and Niitsu, 2006;Hamana et al., 1990Hamana et al., , 2004a Hamana et al., , b, 2006a. In the eleven phyla, the three phototrophic phyla Glaucophyta, Rhodophyta and Chlorophyta, have plastids from the primary endosymbiosis of an oxygenic phototrophic prokaryote, cyanobacterium (blue-green alga), and multicellular species evolved within the latter two (Baldauf, 2003;Bhattacharya et al., 2004;Cavalier-Smith, 1998;Dyall et al., 2004;Falkowski et al., 2004;Inouye, 2006; NCBI website, 2007;Rodriguez-Ezpeleta et al., 2005). The other eight phyla include heterotrophs evolved without the endosymbiosis, phototrophs from secondary or tertiary endosymbiotic plastids, and heterotrophs evolved after the loss of primary endosymbiotic plastids (Baldauf,

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Low-Molecular-Weight Nitrogenous Compounds (GABA and Polyamines) in Blue–Green Algae

Jantaro

Kanwal

2017

Algal Green Chemistry

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Cellular polyamines of lower eukaryotes belonging to the phyla Glaucophyta, Rhodophyta, Cryptophyta, Haptophyta and Percolozoa

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Polyamines in Eukaryotes, Bacteria, and Archaea

Polyamines in Eukaryotes, Bacteria, and Archaea

Cellular polyamines of phototrophs and heterotrophs belonging to the lower eukaryotic phyla Cercozoa, Euglenozoa, Heterokonta and Metamonada

Low-Molecular-Weight Nitrogenous Compounds (GABA and Polyamines) in Blue–Green Algae

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