Cellular uptake and photosensitizing properties of anticancer porphyrins in cell membranes and low and high density lipoproteins

Chiral porphyrazine near-IR optical imaging agent exhibiting preferential tumor accumulation

“…Heteroatom-functionalized pzs have intense NIR absorption/emission (8) and recently have been considered as optical contrast agents for tumor detection and as a platform for cancer treatment using PDT (9,10). These pzs are synthetically flexible (8), making it possible to independently fine tune their NIR optical characteristics and amphiphilicity, a characteristic shown to dictate tumor retention of porphyrinoids (11,12).…”

Photodynamic targeting of human retinoblastoma cells using covalent low-density lipoprotein conjugates

“…For this study, we selected covalent conjugates of an endogenous delivery system, human LDL, which is known to possess high-affinity receptors on certain neoplastic and proliferating cells at significantly increased numbers (Gal et al, 1981;Vitols et al, 1985). A number of investigators have demonstrated that photosensitizers mixed non-covalently with LDL before administration showed enhanced photodynamic activity compared with the administration of the photosensitizer alone (Mosley et al, 1981;Jori, 1984Jori, , 1990Jori et al, 1990;Maziere et al, 1990;Schmidt-Erfurth et al, 1994). However, covalently linked LDL-PS conjugates have rarely been used in PDT.…”

Competitive uptake of porphyrin and LDL via the LDL receptor in glioma cell lines: flow cytometric analysis

“…Porphyrin is believed to be uptaken via the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor [2,9,10], however the mechanism of uptake of porphyrin is not completely understood. Tumor cells, neoplastic astrocytes in particular highly express the LDL receptor [11].…”

“…Porphyrin is selectively uptaken by tumor cells [1,2]. Because of this property, porphyrin has been used as a tumor-targeting agent in photodynamic therapy [1,2].…”

“…Because of this property, porphyrin has been used as a tumor-targeting agent in photodynamic therapy [1,2]. Some researches using porphyrin as boron carrier for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) are in progress [3][4][5][6][7][8].…”