Cellulase cocktail saccharification and fermentation of jackfruit waste for biobutanol production: Statistical optimization and techno‐economic analysis

Abstract

Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam) waste (JFW), a lignocellulosic biomass, is a potential raw material that can be tapped to produce energy and valuable products for human use. In the present work, biobutanol production was studied using jackfruit waste. Initially, the jackfruit waste was pretreated using acid and alkaline agents and hydrolyzed to produce fermentable sugars. The hydrolyzed jackfruit waste was fermented using Clostridium acetobutylicum NCIM 2877 to produce biobutanol. Among the studied pretreatments, sulfuric acid pretreatment produced a maximum sugar yield of 84.21 ± 2.6 mggds−1 in the acid liquor. Enzyme hydrolysis of pretreated jackfruit waste produced a total glucose yield of 215.12 ± 13.44 mggds−1 after optimization. After detoxification using activated charcoal, the JFW hydrolysate produced a maximum biobutanol titer and yield of 1.60 ± 0.5 g L−1, and 106.59 ± 5.1 mg/gglucose, respectively. Central composite design optimization of acetone‐butanol‐ethanol fermentation produced a maximum biobutanol titer of 5.6 ± 0.2 g L−1 (250.00 ± 11.4 mg/gglucose) and total solvent titer of 7.28 ± 0.3 g L−1 (325.00 ± 13.1 mg/gglucose). A 31 ton annual biobutanol production from JFW, simulated using SuperPro Designer, revealed the unit production cost and payback time to be $10.49/kg and 8.94 years.