Centromeric Localization of Dispersed Pol III Genes in Fission Yeast

Iwasaki, Osamu; Tanaka, Atsunari; Tanizawa, Hideki; Grewal, Shiv I. S.; Noma, Ken-ichi

doi:10.1091/mbc.e09-09-0790

Cited by 114 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Whether transcription of the tRNA is necessary for a functional barrier is unclear, but recruitment of RNAPIII is required (Scott et al 2007). Interestingly, RNAPIII genes (tRNA and 5SRNA) found throughout the genome are known to cluster at the centromere and associate with condensin in the presence of a specific threshold level of transcription (Iwasaki et al 2010). Ribosomal proteins (RpLs), specifically RpL7, RpL11, and RpL25 associate with centromeric tRNA clusters; unlike RpL association at euchromatic loci, the centromeric association is sensitive to RNaseA and RNaseT1 treatments, indicating the RNA involved is single stranded (De et al 2011).…”

Section: Boundary Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pericentric and centromeric transcription: a perfect balance required

2012

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The pericentromere and centromere regions of the genome have previously been considered tightly compacted and transcriptionally inert. However, there is mounting evidence that these regions not only actively produce transcripts but that these pericentric and centromeric transcripts are also vital to maintaining genome stability and proper cell division. In this review, we define the pericentromere and centromere of eukaryotic chromosomes in terms of their histone modifications and their nascent transcripts. In addition, we present the currently known roles these transcripts play in heterochromatin formation, development, and differentiation, as well as their interaction with centromeric proteins, and ultimately centromere function. Recent work has added considerable complexity to the theoretical framework defining the innate requirement for pericentric and centromeric transcription. It is clear that maintaining a fine balance of transcriptional output is critical, as deviations from this balance result in centromere disfunction and genomic instability.

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Section: Boundary Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pericentric and centromeric transcription: a perfect balance required

2012

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“…17 RNAP III independent TFIIIC sites in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells also associate with cohesins, 52 suggesting the TFIIIC insulator complex may function similarly to CTCF through the recruitment of structural proteins. Interestingly, B-box elements in S. cerevisiae also represent loading sites for condensin, 53 a cohesin related complex that is also essential for centromeric localization of dispersed RNAP III genes in S. pombe, 54 together suggesting TFIIIC insulators likely also participate in three-dimensional genome structure.…”

Section: Tdna Insulators and The Emerging Role Of Tfiiic In Genome Ormentioning

confidence: 99%

tDNA insulators and the emerging role of TFIIIC in genome organization

Bortle

Corcés

2012

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R ecent findings provide evidence that tDNAs function as chromatin insulators from yeast to humans. TFIIIC, a transcription factor that interacts with the B-box in tDNAs as well as thousands of ETC sites in the genome, is responsible for insulator function. Though tDNAs are capable of enhancer-blocking and barrier activities for which insulators are defined, new insights into the relationship between insulators and chromatin structure suggest that TFIIIC serves a complex role in genome organization. We review the role of tRNA genes and TFIIIC as chromatin insulators, and highlight recent findings that have broadened our understanding of insulators in genome biology.

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“…[2][3][4][5][6] The strength of the proximity-based ligation methodologies is their ability to identify loci that are directly or indirectly (i.e., mediated by a defined or unknown complex) held close enough to be cross-linked, within a subset of the test population, at a moment in time. However, these techniques do not reveal the spatial organization of loci outside of cross-linking distance nor do they identify where a given locus is positioned within the nuclear or cellular space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%