CeO₂@NH₂ functionalized electrodes for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 spike receptor binding domain

Abstract

A detection method based on an electrochemical aptasensor has been developed as an alternative fast, portable, simple, inexpensive, and high-accuracy detection method for detecting the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Receptor Binding Domain (spike RBD).

Green Synthesis of Ceria Nanoparticles from Cassava Tubers for Electrochemical Aptasensor Detection of SARS-CoV-2 on a Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode

“…Residual peaks in green synthesis are common in synthetic samples due to impurities, which could also be utilized in functionalization of the nanoparticles. Both spectra show a peak at around 530 cm –1 , which represents the Ce–O and O–Ce–O bonds of ceria, usually appearing at 400–630 cm –1 . , …”

“…Both spectra show a peak at around 530 cm −1 , which represents the Ce−O and O−Ce−O bonds of ceria, usually appearing at 400−630 cm −1 . 34,54 The surface chemistry of the as-prepared ceria was studied by using XPS analysis. Parts c and d of Figure 4 illustrate the high-resolution XPS spectra of Ce 3d and O 1s, while the widescan and C 1s spectra are shown in Figure S5.…”

“…Nanoceria or ceria nanoparticle-based materials are widely used in many fields including catalyst, fuel cell, antioxidant, sensor, and biosensor applications. − In particular, nanoceria has been reported to improve sensitivity, selectivity, stability and maintain good long-term bioactivity in electrochemical biosensor techniques. ,, The modified nanoceria electrode can also drive biomolecules such as STV on the electrode surface. STV then is utilized to bind biotinylated bioreceptors such as antibodies, DNA, RNA, or aptamers to recognize the target biomolecules specifically. , This feature was utilized to modify the bioreceptor on the electrode surface in electrochemical biosensor applications, including the detection of glucose, diclofenac, and ENaC protein …”

“…30−32 In particular, nanoceria has been reported to improve sensitivity, selectivity, stability and maintain good long-term bioactivity in electrochemical biosensor techniques. 12,33,34 The modified nanoceria electrode can also drive biomolecules such as STV on the electrode surface. STV then is utilized to bind biotinylated bioreceptors such as antibodies, DNA, RNA, or aptamers to recognize the target biomolecules specifically.…”

Chronocoulometric Quantum Dot Aptasensor for SARS‐CoV‐2 Nucleocapsid Protein Biomarker

“…SARS‐CoV‐2 virus has evolved through unique mutations of the coronavirus variants worldwide [4,5] . Several biomarkers, namely spike (S) protein, nucleocapsid (N) protein, receptor binding domain (RBD), RNA genome and antibodies, have been reported previously in the literature for the early detection of SARS‐CoV‐2 [6–13] …”