Cerebral Malaria: Presentation and Outcome in Children in Sokoto

Jiya, Nma; Airede, K I; Ahmed, Hussein Osman

doi:10.4314/nmp.v50i3.28870

Cited by 4 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…Children aged five years and below are the most susceptible to CM. They form 75.8% of the affected children in the present study, which is in keeping with the documented range of findings in Sokoto (64.1%), Calabar (73.3%), Kenya (82.3%) and Ile-Ife (92.8%) [7,12,13,14]. However, children aged 5 year to 11years were also affected, although to a lesser extent, as previously documented [7,12,13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…They form 75.8% of the affected children in the present study, which is in keeping with the documented range of findings in Sokoto (64.1%), Calabar (73.3%), Kenya (82.3%) and Ile-Ife (92.8%) [7,12,13,14]. However, children aged 5 year to 11years were also affected, although to a lesser extent, as previously documented [7,12,13]. This observation calls for intensified efforts to prevent malaria in the under-five years age group of children and to develop a high index of suspicion to encourage prompt treatment of CM in those older than five years in malaria holoendemic regions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…There may be geographical differences between Nigeria and the Gambia which can also explain the differences in the transmission rates of malaria. The prevalence of cerebral malaria among children hospitalized in the present study was 5.5% and is within the range of 1% to 27% reported in other studies within and outside Nigeria [3,7,8,13]. Children aged five years and below are the most susceptible to CM.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…The age limit for admission is 15 years and the department had no intensive care unitat the time of the study. Consecutive children admitted to the CEW between 1 June 2009 and 28 February 2010, who had coma on admission or subsequent deterioration in their level of consciousness after admission and demonstrable asexual Plasmodium falciparum in the peripheral blood after excluding other causes of altered sensorium or coma, were diagnosed as cerebral malaria and studied [7]. Ethical clearance from the hospital and consent from the parents/caregivers were obtained.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The clinical and laboratory indicators of poor prognosis in CM documented in various studies include: age younger than 3 years; deep coma; convulsions; absent corneal reflexes; body rigidity; opisthotonus; signs of cardiac, respiratory and renal function impairment; optic disc and retinal oedema; hyperparasitaemia; leucocytosis; severe anemia; hypoglycemia; low cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) glucose; elevated blood urea; creatinine; CSF and venous lactic acid; serum aspartate; aminotransferases; 5´ nucleosidases; TNF alpha level; and low anti-thrombin III [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Clinical and laboratory predictors of outcome in cerebral malaria in suburban Nigeria

Oluwayemi

Oyedeji

et al. 2013

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Clinical and laboratory predictors of outcome in cerebral malaria in suburban Nigeria

Oluwayemi

Oyedeji

et al. 2013

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Health Care Seeking Behavior among Caregivers of Sick Children Who Had Cerebral Malaria in Northwestern Nigeria

Eseigbe

Anyiam

Ogunrinde

et al. 2012

Malaria Research and Treatment

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Cerebral malaria is a significant cause of childhood morbidity in our region. The challenges of effective management include time and quality of treatment. The study appraised the health care seeking behavior of caregivers of sick children who developed cerebral malaria, in Zaria, northwestern Nigeria. Caregivers indentified were parents 29 (87.9%) and grandparents 4 (12.1%). Most of them were in the upper social classes. Health care options utilized before presentation at our facility were formal health facility 24 (72.7%), patent medicine seller 12 (36.4%), home treatment 10 (30.3%), and herbal concoction 6 (18.2%) with majority 24 (72.7%) using more than one option. Antimalarial therapy was instituted in 25 (75.6%) of the cases. Mortality was significantly associated with the use of herbal concoction, treatment at a formal health facility and patent medicine seller, multiple convulsions, age less than 5 years, and noninstitution of antimalarial therapy before presentation. The study showed use of inappropriate health care options by caregivers and highlighted the need to pursue an awareness drive among caregivers on the use of health care options.

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Neurological sequelae in survivors of cerebral malaria

Oluwayemi¹,

Bj²,

Oyedeji³

et al. 2013

Pan Afr Med J

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IntroductionCerebral malaria is a common cause of neurological sequelae and death in childhood. Information on persistent neurological sequelae post hospital discharge and their predisposing factors are scarce.MethodsThis is a prospective study describing persisting neurological impairments post discharge among children treated for cerebral malaria. In addition the study was designed to investigate the frequency of persistent neurologic deficits and the risk factors for their persistence in these patients. The case records of 160 patients treated for CM at the Paediatrics Department of University College Hospital, Ibadan from January 2004 to November 2006 were reviewed to recruit cases. Recruited survivors were then followed up for information concerning the presence and persistence of neurological sequelae.ResultsA total of 160 children aged 9 months to 134 months were admitted and treated for CM during the study period. One hundred and thirty one (81.9%) survived while 29 (18.1%) died. The 131 survivors of cerebral malaria consisted of 64 boys and 67 girls. Neurological sequelae occurred in 13.7% of survivors of cerebral malaria at discharge and 4.6% at follow up. Six children with neurological deficits at discharge had persistence of deficits 6 months post-hospital discharge and one at 24 months. No associations were found between hypoglycemia, anemia, age, sex and multiplicity of convulsions, and persistence of neurologic sequelae. The persisting neurologic deficits among survivors at follow up were: memory impairment (1.5%), seizure disorders (0.8%), visual impairment (0.8%), speech impairment (0.8%), monoparesis (0.8%) and hyperactivity (0.8%) at follow up. The longest persisting sequelae lasted for at least 24 months.ConclusionNeurologic deficits are not uncommon complications of CM. Neurologic sequelae may persist for as long as 24 months or more in survivors of childhood CM. There is no association between the risk factors for neurologic deficits and persistent neurologic sequelae.

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Cerebral Malaria: Presentation and Outcome in Children in Sokoto

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Clinical and laboratory predictors of outcome in cerebral malaria in suburban Nigeria

Clinical and laboratory predictors of outcome in cerebral malaria in suburban Nigeria

Health Care Seeking Behavior among Caregivers of Sick Children Who Had Cerebral Malaria in Northwestern Nigeria

Neurological sequelae in survivors of cerebral malaria

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