Cerebral schistosomiasis: Case series from Qatar

Zaqout, Ahmed; Abid, Fatma Ben; Murshed, Khaled; Al‐Bozom, Issam; Soub, Hussam Al; Maslamani, Muna Al; Khal, Abdullatif Al

doi:10.1016/j.ijid.2019.07.002

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Trichuriasis is mostly prevalent among residents from Asia [ 61 , 86 ], particularly from Eastern Asian countries [ 85 ], such as the Philippines and Indonesia [ 52 ]. Furthermore, cerebral schistosomiasis was reported in Filipino residents living in Qatar [ 122 ]. However, there is an information gap regarding rodent-borne diseases in humans, rodents, other animals, and the environmental interface in Qatar.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rodent-Related Zoonotic Pathogens at the Human–Animal–Environment Interface in Qatar: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Islam

Farag

Mahmoudi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Rodents are one of the most diversified terrestrial mammals, and they perform several beneficial activities in nature. These animals are also important as carriers of many pathogens with public health importance. The current systematic review was conducted to formulate a true depiction of rodent-related zoonoses in Qatar. Following systematic searches on PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Web of Science and a screening process, a total of 94 published articles were selected and studied. The studied articles reported 23 rodent-related zoonotic pathogens that include nine bacterial, eleven parasitic, and three viral pathogens, from which the frequently reported pathogens were Mycobacterium tuberculosis (32 reports), Escherichia coli (23), and Salmonella spp. (16). The possible pathway of entry of the rodent-borne pathogens can be the land port, seaports, and airport of Qatar through carrier humans and animals, contaminated food, and agricultural products. The pathogens can be conserved internally by rodents, pets, and livestock; by agricultural production systems; and by food marketing chains. The overall estimated pooled prevalence of the pathogens among the human population was 4.27% (95%CI: 4.03–4.51%; p < 0.001) with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 99.50%). The top three highest prevalent pathogens were M.tuberculosis (30.90%; 22.75–39.04%; p < 0.001; I2 = 99.70%) followed by Toxoplasma gondii (21.93%; 6.23–37.61%; p < 0.001; I2 = 99.30%) and hepatitis E virus (18.29%; 11.72–24.86%; p < 0.001; I2 = 96.70%). However, there is a knowledge gap about the listed pathogens regarding the occurrence, transmission pathways, and rodent role in transmission dynamics at the human–animal–environment interface in Qatar. Further studies are required to explore the role of rodents in spreading zoonotic pathogens through the One Health framework, consisting of zoologists, ecologists, microbiologists, entomologists, veterinarians, and public health experts in this country.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rodent-Related Zoonotic Pathogens at the Human–Animal–Environment Interface in Qatar: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Islam

Farag

Mahmoudi

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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“…MRI findings of cerebral schistosomiasis have been reported sporadically (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16). Enhanced multiple nodules of varying size are characteristic of cerebral schistosomiasis and some nodules may coalesce.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebral schistosomiasis: MRI features with pathological correlation

Zhao

2020

Acta Radiol

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Background Neuroschistosomiasis is not commonly encountered and is probably underrecognized. We hope these findings can help clinicians and radiologists to raise awareness of this disabling disorder. Purpose To demonstrate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of cerebral schistosomiasis and correlate it with pathological findings. Material and Methods We identified seven patients with cerebral schistosomiasis from radiology and pathology archives of our hospital. Of the seven patients, six were pathologically confirmed. The remaining patient had pathologically confirmed spinal schistosomiasis with MRI findings of cerebral involvement. MRI and pathological findings of these patients were analyzed and correlated. Results Multiple enhancing nodules at varying size were found in all patients. Prominent leptomeningeal or choroidal veins were found in six patients, four at the center of the foci and two at the periphery. Hemorrhage was identified in two patients. Histology revealed granulomas around ova in six patients. A prominent vein with ova in the lumen and wall of a vein was found in one patient and perivascular ova deposition was found in one patient. Conclusion Multiple enhancing nodules with central or peripheral veins in a circumscribed brain area are important signs to the diagnosis of cerebral schistosomiasis. The inflamed veins involved may be the route taken by the ova to spread to the brain tissue.

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“…Biopsy of cerebral lesions followed by praziquantel treatment has been considered the standard of reference, and biopsy has the advantage of avoiding additional brain damage caused by resection. 7,14,25 Others suggested that total resection of the lesions should be performed. 4 Another study also noted that patients who underwent biopsy or partial resection more often had recurrent symptoms or residual lesions despite anthelmintic therapy, whereas those who were treated with complete resection followed by anthelmintic therapy tended to have a good prognosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although praziquantel and corticosteroid are recommended as the standard drugs for the treatment of cerebral schistosomiasis, the recommended doses vary between studies. 4,[7][8][9][10]12,17,25 Both of our patients received praziquantel at a dose of 20 mg/ kg/day for six consecutive days and dexamethasone at a dose of 10 mg/day for 14 consecutive days after operation. This dosage was consistent with previous reports from our country.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Report: Multiple Schistosomiasis Japonica Cerebral Granulomas without Gastrointestinal System Involvement: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature

Shen

Yuan

Sun

et al. 2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Most schistosomiasis japonica cerebral granulomas reported in the literature have been single and located in the cerebellum, and multiple lesions located in the cerebral hemisphere are uncommon and often misdiagnosed as metastases or gliomas. We describe two rare cases of multiple schistosomiasis japonica cerebral granulomas. Laboratory examinations and cerebrospinal fluid were normal. Parasite eggs were not detected in the stool. No positive findings were detected in the abdominal ultrasonography or chest radiography. Magnetic resonance revealed two intensive patchy lesions in the cerebral hemisphere and surrounded by a large area of edema in both of our patients. Both were misdiagnosed as glioma or metastatic carcinoma before operation. Pathological examination confirmed that the diagnosis was schistosomiasis japonica cerebral granuloma. Praziquantel and dexamethasone were administered. Both patients are alive, symptom-free, and without evidence of recurrence. Combining our date with other literature reports, we summarize the possible mechanism, reasons for misdiagnosis, radiological characteristics, surgical treatment, and postoperative management of schistosomiasis japonica cerebral granuloma, which can be used for clinical reference and to improve our knowledge of schistosomiasis japonica cerebral granuloma.

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Cerebral schistosomiasis: Case series from Qatar

Cited by 14 publications

References 19 publications

Rodent-Related Zoonotic Pathogens at the Human–Animal–Environment Interface in Qatar: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Rodent-Related Zoonotic Pathogens at the Human–Animal–Environment Interface in Qatar: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cerebral schistosomiasis: MRI features with pathological correlation

Case Report: Multiple Schistosomiasis Japonica Cerebral Granulomas without Gastrointestinal System Involvement: Report of Two Cases and Review of Literature

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