Ceria-Containing Hybrid Multilayered Microcapsules for Enhanced Cellular Internalisation with High Radioprotection Efficiency

Abstract

Cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) are believed to be the most versatile nanozyme, showing great promise for biomedical applications. At the same time, the controlled intracellular delivery of nanoceria remains an unresolved problem. Here, we have demonstrated the radioprotective effect of polyelectrolyte microcapsules modified with cerium oxide nanoparticles, which provide controlled loading and intracellular release. The optimal (both safe and uptake efficient) concentrations of ceria-containing microcapsules for human mesenchymal stem cells range from 1:10 to 1:20 cell-to-capsules ratio. We have revealed the molecular mechanisms of nanoceria radioprotective action on mesenchymal stem cells by assessing the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as by a detailed 96-genes expression analysis, featuring genes responsible for oxidative stress, mitochondrial metabolism, apoptosis, inflammation etc. Hybrid ceria-containing microcapsules have been shown to provide an indirect genoprotective effect, reducing the number of cytogenetic damages in irradiated cells. These findings give new insight into cerium oxide nanoparticles’ protective action for living beings against ionising radiation.

Layer-by-Layer Pirfenidone/Cerium Oxide Nanocapsule Dressing Promotes Wound Repair and Prevents Scar Formation

“…The CaCO 3 templates could be made to contain core drugs by blending drugs with Na 2 CO 3 or CaCl 2 solution before preparation [ 30 ]. After removing the template with EDTA, only the core drugs were left in the capsules.…”

CeO2 Nanoparticle-Containing Polymers for Biomedical Applications: A Review

“…Popov and co-workers revealed the molecular mechanisms of CeNPs-loaded LbL microcapsules’ radioprotective action on mesenchymal stem cells by assessing the level of intracellular ROS, as well as by a detailed 96-gene expression analysis, featuring genes responsible for oxidative stress, mitochondrial metabolism, apoptosis, inflammation etc. Ceria-containing microcapsules have been shown to provide an indirect genoprotective effect, reducing cytogenetic damage in irradiated cells [ 74 ]. Upon cellular uptake, CeNPs-loaded microcapsules degraded due to the action of intracellular enzymes and released content into cytoplasm.…”

Nanostructured Ceria: Biomolecular Templates and (Bio)applications

“…UV-induced damage includes the formation of cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers, which can be dissociated by photolyase enzymes, or nanosized ceria as their mimicry [ 104 ]. Protection from DNA damage was also reported through the ability of ceria to absorb ionizing radiation [ 105 ], combined with its antioxidant, as studied on irradiated cells [ 106 ].…”