Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Protect Endothelial Cells from Apoptosis Induced by Oxidative Stress

Abstract

Oxidative stress is well documented to cause injury to endothelial cells (ECs), which in turn trigger cardiovascular diseases. Previous studies revealed that cerium oxide nanoparticles (nanoceria) had antioxidant property, but the protective effect of nanoceria on ROS injury to ECs and cardiovascular diseases has not been reported. In the current study, we investigated the protective effect and underlying mechanisms of nanoceria on oxidative injury to ECs. The cell viability, lactate dehydrogenase release, cellular uptake, intracellular localization and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, endocytosis mechanism, cell apoptosis, and mitochondrial membrane potential were performed. The results indicated that nanoceria had no cytotoxicity on ECs but had the ability to prevent injury by H2O2. Nanoceria could be uptaken into ECs through caveolae- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis and distributed throughout the cytoplasma. The internalized nanoceria effectively attenuated ROS overproduction induced by H2O2. Apoptosis was also alleviated greatly by nanoceria pretreatment. These results may be helpful for more rational application of nanoceria in biomedical fields in the future.

Nanoceria alleviate oxidative and nitrosative stress in salivary glands glutamate-induced obesity rats

“…Thus, current study has shown in animal model that nanoceria could reduce visceral adipose tissue mass effectively, confirming recently published data [21].…”

“…Recent evidence suggests that NDC slows the progression of degeneration of retina [18], has antioxidant properties in brain tissues [19] fibroblasts of human skin [20] and endothelial cells [21]. Antioxidant properties of nanoceria in digestive tract have not been deeply studied yet.…”

Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles Induced Toxicity in Human Lung Cells: Role of ROS Mediated DNA Damage and Apoptosis

“…Although several studies have been performed to evaluate the adverse effect of CeO 2 NPs on environment and human health, they are not providing proper conclusion. CeO 2 NPs have been reported to act as cellular antioxidants with colocalizations inside mitochondria, lysosomes, endoplasmic reticulum, nucleus, and cytoplasm using keratinocyte model systems [14, 15]. However, the study lacked genotoxicity assessment of these particles.…”

Antioxidant and anti-genotoxic properties of cerium oxide nanoparticles in a pulmonary-like cell system

“…Therefore, CeO 2 -NP enter into the cells promoting the removal of oxidative molecules and cell longevity (Kong et al 2011). This free radical-scavenging property has been described in different studies reporting gastrointestinal (Colon et al 2010), breast (Tarnuzzer et al 2005), neuronal (Schubert et al 2006), and endothelial (Chen et al 2013) cell protection in in vitro and in vivo studies.…”