Certain Issues of Judicial Evaluation of an Expert’s Opinion

Abstract

The article deals with local issues of assessing an expert’s opinion: the legality of the subject of initiating a forensic examination and the direct subject of its production. The scope of the Author’s interests, teaching experience and scientific activity make it possible to classify these issues as “latent”, since their non-obviousness is determined both by the established law judicial practice and by the imperfection of the legal regulation of forensic examination in criminal proceedings. Along with the main issues, attention is paid to the genesis of the institution of forensic examination in criminal proceedings, which aims to demonstrate the continuity of its legal regulation, and also to draw attention to the fact that some approaches used by the legislator in the Code of Criminal Procedure of the RSFSR could be preserved in the current criminal procedure law, which would not only prevent the occurrence of a number of issues with the law enforcement officer, but would also serve as an optimization of the production of comprehensive examinations. Evaluation of an expert opinion is a multifaceted intellectual activity that involves the resolution of a complex of procedural and substantive issues. The objects of assessment, along with the expert's opinion, are also procedural documents, which reflect all the actions, the production of which ensured the preparation and appointment of the examination. The list of criteria that the expert opinion must satisfy is standard for all evidence – admissibility, relevance and reliability (part 1 of article 88 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation), but at the same time, the assessment of each of the properties of the evidence “expert’s opinion” should be carried out taking into account the specifics of its formations. At the same time, when evaluating the admissibility of the expert’s opinion, it is necessary to pay attention to data indicating the legality / illegality of the subject of initiating a forensic examination and the direct subject of its production. The Author insists on the need for the subject of the assessment to know the content of the expert's opinion of the entire required set of normative sources and emphasizes that there should be constant monitoring of changes to existing regulations, as well as the publication of new ones related to the area under consideration.

Law Observance in Commissioning the Expert Examination

“…Наличие такой ремарки не препятствует заявлению соответствующего ходатайства в суде. При этом следует учитывать, что любое нарушение, допущенное субъектом -инициатором судебной экспертизы, может привести к тому, что экс-перт не сможет дать заключение, соответствующее требованиям допустимости, относимости, полноты и объективности [1].…”

“…3 ст. 195 УПК РФ касается назначения любых судебных экспертиз, императивно и обязательно для исполнения, уголовно-процессуальное законодательство предусматривает все правовые механизмы, способствующие реализации данного требования 1 . Аналогичной правовой позиции придерживается и Пленум Верховного Суда РФ 2 .…”