Cervical Cancer and Screening Test (PAP Test): Knowledge and Beliefs of Egyptian Women

Yakout, Sahar M.

doi:10.11648/j.ajns.20160505.12

Cited by 14 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The investigators developed a validated, self-administered questionnaire in the Arabic language according to the findings from three published literature. [ 18 19 20 ] The questionnaire consisted of three main parts: 1. Socio-demographic variables” age, gender, marital status, level of education, and occupation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards early screening of colorectal cancer in Riyadh

Alenazi

Alshammari²

2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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Background and Aims: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common cause of mortality worldwide. It is preventable, treatable when detected early. The aim of this study is to assess knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of the participants toward CRC and its early screening, and identify the sources of information on the subjects. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study on the people 40y old and above at the primary care clinics at King Saud university medical city (KSUMC) in Riyadh. The estimated sample size was 245 subjects whom we requested to complete a self-administered Arabic questionnaire, which consisted of three parts. These were: 1. Demographic data, 2. KAP toward CRC, its early detection. 3 sources of information of the public about colorectal cancer. Results: A total of 231 subjects participated; (54.5%) were male (mean age = 50.7 ± 9.8). About 47% of the participants heard about cancer screening, and 45% knew that colonoscopy is used for such purposes. Another 24.2% were aware that occult blood in the stool test is a method of early detection of colon cancer. About 40% to 50% of the subjects were knowledgeable about hazardous factors and cautioning symptoms for CRC. Only 6.5% of the subjects did an early screening for CRC, but 82.9% would do it if their doctor advised them to do so. Conclusion: The participant's knowledge and early checkups of CRC are inadequate. They would undergo early screening if their doctors advised them to do so. It is time to develop a national policy for CRC screening involving primary care doctors and utilizing social media to improve people's information.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards early screening of colorectal cancer in Riyadh

Alenazi

Alshammari²

2020

J Family Med Prim Care

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“…A predesigned self-administered questionnaire was composed according to the findings from three validated published studies that were conducted in Turkey, Egypt, and Alahsa (Saudi Arabia). Furthermore, CHBM components were added to the questionnaire after obtaining permission from the copyright owner [19, 22, 23]. This self-administered questionnaire includes questions about the following topics: (1) socio-demographic characteristics; (2) knowledge about cervical cancer and about the Pap smear test; (3) HPV)-related questions; and the (4) HBM scale for cervical cancer and for the Pap smear test.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is essential to study the risk factors for cervical cancer among women as well as the emotional, cognitive, and environmental aspects, which influence the women’s decision to participate in screening programs. The Health Belief Model (HBM) focuses on a person’s health-related behavior for predicting future actions [19]. The HBM has been tested, translated, and used to study women in different cultures [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to this model, the decision to participate in programs designed to prevent or detect disease is determined by many factors: perceived susceptibility to the health condition, awareness of the impact of disease on their health (perceived severity), perceived benefits of undergoing screening, and perceived barriers and costs of the screening methods [19, 21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Using the health belief model to assess beliefs and behaviors regarding cervical cancer screening among Saudi women: a cross-sectional observational study

Aldohaian¹,

Arafah²

2019

BMC Women's Health

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BackgroundCervical cancer in Saudi Arabia is ranked as the third most frequent gynecological cancer among women. The Pap smear test is a screening test that can be used as a primary prevention tool for cervical cancer, and prophylactic vaccination against HPV is also considered to be a factor in decreasing the prevalence of the disease. This study aimed to assess women’s beliefs about cervical cancer and the Pap smear test. In addition, the relationship between cervical cancer and the social and demographic characteristics was also evaluated.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional study was performed among Saudi women living in Riyadh in 2018. Women were randomly selected, and the total sample size was 450. A predesigned self-administered questionnaire that included the Health Belief Model scale was used to collect data. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21.0. P values < 0.05 were considered as statistically significant in this study.ResultsAmong the 450 participants, the Pap smear test uptake was 26% and the HPV vaccine uptake was less than 1%. A low education level and family history for cervical cancer were significantly associated with the belief of high susceptibility for developing cervical cancer (p < 0.05). The seriousness of the disease was recognized by 38%, and the benefit of screening was recognized by 82% of the participants. In addition, 27% of the participants perceived barriers to obtaining a Pap smear test.ConclusionsThis study showed a high level of perception regarding benefits and motivation, and a low incidence of perceived barriers among women regarding cervical cancer screening. However, these attitudinal aspects did not translate into practice, as reflected by the low uptake of the screening test. Our findings imply that concerted efforts are needed to promote cervical cancer screening programs in Saudi Arabia. In view of the planned implementation of Saudi vision 2030, which emphasizes on prevention, we recommend launching a national cervical cancer screening program, to be available and accessible to all women in primary health care centers and hospitals.

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“…4 In addition, only 13% of women in Egypt are informed about cervical screening. 5 Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) was introduced in the Maternal and Child Health Centre at the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences (PIMS), Islamabad, in 2006 as a cervical screening tool. 6 In comparison with Pap test, VIA is an alternative low-cost screening technology which makes the results immediately available.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Cervical Cancer: Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) and Site of Lesion Verified by Multiple Punch Biopsies

et al. 2019

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Background: Cervical cancer is the tenth most frequent cancer in Egyptian women. The Papanicolaou screening test is not suitable for rural area as most follow-up consultations never take place. Aim: To evaluate visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid as a screening test. Materials and methods: According to the inclusion criteria, women aged 25-60 years commuting to a gynecological out-patient clinic at the University Hospital went through a visual inspection of the cervix with acetic acid (VIA). Exclusion criteria were women below 25 years, unmarried, pregnant, menstruating, known to have cancer, having a precancerous lesion or a cervical operation. Multiple punch biopsies were done for all VIA positive cases and a subsample of the VIA negative cases underwent the same. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) was evaluated. In addition, the site of the lesion was assessed. SPSS was used for the statistical analysis. Results: Of the 379 screened women, 17.1% were found to be VIA positive. The sensitivity was found to be 91.3% (79.6%–96.5%) and the specificity 68.5% (57.1%–77.9%). Significantly more women with positive punch biopsies complained of contact bleeding than those with negative punch biopsies. CIN2 and CIN3 were mostly found (77.8%) in the right quadrant, while 74% of CIN1 was found in the lower right and left quadrant. Conclusion: VIA is weak as a test to stand alone but may need a combination with other indicators such as the location of the lesion on the right side of the cervix or contact bleeding. A combined indicator may detect precancerous cervix.

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Cervical Cancer and Screening Test (PAP Test): Knowledge and Beliefs of Egyptian Women

Cited by 14 publications

References 26 publications

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards early screening of colorectal cancer in Riyadh

Knowledge, attitude and practice towards early screening of colorectal cancer in Riyadh

Using the health belief model to assess beliefs and behaviors regarding cervical cancer screening among Saudi women: a cross-sectional observational study

Screening of Cervical Cancer: Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) and Site of Lesion Verified by Multiple Punch Biopsies

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