“…Nine studies provided data on cervicovaginal phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 (phI-GFBP-1), [65][66][67]69,[72][73][74]77,79 seven studies provided data on relaxin, 34,60,61,70,71,75,78 three studies provided data on cervicovaginal human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), 63,68,76 two studies provided data on cervicovaginal prolactin, 62,64 four studies provided data on pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), 81,84,85,87 two studies provided data on activin-A, 80,82 and one study each provided data on placental protein-13 (PP13) 83 and pregnancy-specific-b1 glycoprotein (SP1). 86 For cervicovaginal levels of hCG, phIGFBP-1, and prolactin, the pooled sensitivities, specificities, positive and negative LRs to predict preterm birth before 32, 34, and 37 weeks of gestation ranged between 33 and 83% (median, 67%), 62 and 97% (median, 79%), 1.6 and 19.0 (median, 3.2), and 0.2 and 0.8 (median, 0.5), respectively (Table 1).…”