CFD-based modeling of precipitation by supercritical anti-solvent process of microparticles from grape pomace extract with population balance approach

Nucleation Rate Prediction of Curcumin Particles in Microfluidic‐Assisted Nanoprecipitation

“…Furthermore, the simulation results indicate that the particles with larger diameters have a lower population density. This was successfully reported in previous simulations by other researchers [30].…”

Single step encapsulation process of ivermectin in biocompatible polymer using a supercritical antisolvent system process

“…The addition of IVM in the capsule resulted in increased nucleation rate ( B °) and population density ( n °) for the same residence time (τ). Higher population density of IVM nanoparticle nuclei was observed for experimental condition R7 compared to studies reported by Cardoso et al 16,39 It may be the result of the addition of lecithin because the structural chain of this compound has a higher molar mass than the polymer and drug used in this study; as well as consequence of the density variation resulted from the rapid expansion process (Figure S1). The correlation of population density distribution for pure and formulated nanoparticles reached a high value.…”

“…The PBE used in this study was determined by the specific moment of size distribution obtained by solving discrete equations from a consistent procedure 28 . More details were previously reported by Cardoso et al 15–17 All equations used throughout this work for calculation of different properties of nanoparticles are shown in Figure S1. The Equation determines the numerical density of the particles where the specific moment of the size distribution is obtained through the resolution of discrete equations from a consistent procedure.…”

“…PBE described the precipitation process, and the values of nucleation rates and particle size ( L ) distribution followed a continuous method (PSD). The data were sectioned into discrete intervals or classes, and the obtained results are presented in Table 1 accordingly to the logic presented at Cardoso's works 15–17 …”

“…Population balance equation (PBE) is often effectively employed to optimize nanoparticle production process via SAS technique 15 . The PBE evaluates several parameters such as particle size (L), turbulence, nucleation rate ( B °), crystallization, and population density as a function of the solvent flow fed into the equipment 16–18 . The PBE can simulate the best precipitation profile of traditional micronization processes and evaluate the main parameters for optimization.…”