CFD-based prediction of initial microalgal adhesion to solid surfaces using force balances

Abstract

Nannochloropsis gaditana B-3 species (Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía (CSIC, Cádiz, Spain)) was cultured in a 13-L flat panel photobioreactor (Figure B) for 71 days (Figure B). Cultures were illuminated in 12h:12h light-dark cycles at 135 µE•s -1 •m -2 (irradiance measured on the external surface of the PBR wall). Light was provided by a