Challenges and opportunities for electro-driven desalination processes in sustainable applications

Deemer, Eva M; Xu, Pei; Verduzco, Rafael; Shane Walker, William

doi:10.1016/j.coche.2023.100972

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 58 publications

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“…To complement this limitation, a CEDI (Continuous Electrodeionization), a system that combines an ion exchanger (IX) and electrodialysis, has recently been used in the production of ultrapure water [ 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 17 ]. It would be efficient when considering only enhanced ion transfer in a low-concentration solution, but a meticulous pretreatment for feed water is essential, and the ion exchange resin filled in the fluidic channel increases flow resistance [ 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. Therefore, to resolve the above limitations, it is necessary to keep improving and developing electromembrane desalination dealing with low-concentration feed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Salt Removal of Fresh Water by Recovery-Reduced Ion Concentration Polarization Desalination

Cho,

Han,

Lee

et al. 2024

Membranes

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Here, we examine electromembrane systems for low-concentration desalination applicable to ultrapure water production. In addition to electrodialysis and ion concentration polarization (ICP) desalination, we propose a recovery-reduced ICP strategy for reducing the width of the desalted outlet for a higher salt removal ratio (SRR). The correlation between conductivity changes and thickness of the ion depletion zone is identified for electrodialysis, ICPH (1:1), and ICPQ (3:1) with a low-concentration feed solution (10 mM, 1 mM, 0.1 mM NaCl). Based on the experimental results, the scaling law and SRR for the electroconvection zone are summarized, and current efficiency (CE) and energy per ion removal (EPIR) depending on SRR are also discussed. As a result, the SRR of electrodialysis is mostly around 50%, but that of recovery-reduced ICP desalination is observed up to 99% under similar operating conditions. Moreover, at the same SRR, the CE of recovery-reduced ICP is similar to that of electrodialysis, but the EPIR is calculated to be lower than that of electrodialysis. Considering that forming an ion depletion zone up to half the channel width in the electromembrane system typically requires much power consumption, an ICP strategy that can adjust the width of the desalted outlet for high SRR can be preferable.

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