Challenges and Strategies for Access to Treatment of Hepatitis C in Latin America

Flores, Nayelli

doi:10.5772/intechopen.83557

Cited by 1 publication

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…(7) Have HIV? (8) Were you born to a mother with HCV? (9) Have you participated in high-risk sex practices (multiple partners or contact with blood) (10) Are you a health professional who have been accidentally stuck with a needle?…”

Section: Hcv Risk Factors Questionnairementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Screening program focused on blood donors excluded because of risk factors, people who inject drugs and people with HIV. Finally, promote studies of seroprevalence in key populations and general population 8 . This program sought to align national efforts to international standards to eliminate HCV infections by 2030.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, as mentioned before, the identification of people with HCV is still a challenge. The main healthcare barriers include insufficient screening campaigns, a lack of trust in diagnostic methods, a lack of knowledge of risk factors, stigma of the disease, among others 8–10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Finally, promote studies of seroprevalence in key populations and general population. 8 This program sought to align national efforts to international standards to eliminate HCV infections by 2030. However, as mentioned before, the identification of people with HCV is still a challenge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main healthcare barriers include insufficient screening campaigns, a lack of trust in diagnostic methods, a lack of knowledge of risk factors, stigma of the disease, among others. [8][9][10] On the contrary, the existence of rapid point-of-care HCV antibody detection tests (known as rapid test -RT) allows the screening to be extended to non-clinical settings and expands the supply of tests to all populations (including those with limited access such as incarcerated population or intravenous drug users). At present, HCV diagnostic tests are divided into two phases: first, the detection of the antibody (Anti-HCV) by enzyme immunoassay (ELISA) and second, the application of molecular tests for the identification of RNA-HCV nucleic acid by PCR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Hepatitis C screening and detection program in a large population: Epidemiological transition and characterization of the disease

Tijera

Flores

Cerda-Reyes

et al. 2023

Liver International

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Introduction Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) is considered an important public health challenge. Traditionally identified risk factors have undergone an epidemiological transition where other risk factors have become the main cause of new infections. Objective To describe risk factors associated to hepatitis C positivity through the evaluation of the epidemiological profile in hepatitis‐C high‐risk populations. Methods Cross‐sectional study was conducted as part of an HCV screening program in Mexican population. All participants answered an HCV risk‐factor questionnaire and took a rapid test (RT). All patients reactive to the test were subject to HCV PCR (polymerase chain reaction) confirmation. A logistic regression model was used to examine associations between HCV infection and risk factors. Results The study included 297 631 participants that completed a risk factor questionnaire and underwent an HCV rapid test (RT). In total, 12 840 (4.5%) were reactive to RT and 9257 (3.2% of participants) were confirmed as positives by PCR test. Of these, 72.9% had at least one risk factor and 10.8% were in prison. Most common risk factors were history of acupuncture/tattooing/piercing (21%), intravenous drug use (15%) and high‐risk sexual practices (12%). Logistic regressions found that having at least one risk factor increased the probability of having an HCV‐positive result by 20% (OR = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.15–1.26), compared to the population without risk factors. Conclusions We identified 3.2% of HCV‐viremic subjects, all associated with risk factors and older age. Screening and diagnosis of HCV in high‐risk populations (including underserved populations) should be more efficient.

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