Challenges for adopting and implementing IoT in smart cities

Abstract

Purpose -The wider use of Internet of Things (IoT) makes it possible to create smart cities. The purpose of this research is to identify key IoT challenges and understand the relationship between these challenges to support the development of smart cities. Design/methodology/approach -Challenges were identified using literature review, and prioritised and elaborated by experts. The contextual interactions between the identified challenges and their importance were determined using Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM). To interrelate the identified challenges and promote IoT in the context of smart cities, the dynamics of interactions of these challenges were analysed using an integrated Matrice d'Impacts Croisés Multiplication Appliqués à un Classement (MICMAC)-ISM approach. MICMAC is a structured approach to categorise variables according to their driving power and dependence. Findings -Security and privacy, business models, data quality, scalability, complexity and governance were found to have strong driving power and so are key challenges to be addressed in sustainable cities projects. The main driving challenges are complexity and lack of IoT governance. IoT adoption and implementation should therefore focus on breaking down complexity in manageable parts, supported by a governance structure.Practical implications -This research can help smart city developers in addressing challenges in a phase-wise approach by first ensuring solid foundations and thereafter developing other aspects. Originality/value -A contribution originates from the integrated MICMAC-ISM approach. ISM is a technique used to identify contextual relationships among definite elements, whereas MICMAC facilitates the classification of challenges based on their driving and dependence power. The other contribution originates from creating an overview of challenges and theorising the contextual relationships and dependencies among the challenges.

Using Data Sciences in Digital Marketing: Framework, methods, and performance metrics

“…Smart cities & governance: Efficient management of energy resources, as well as sustainable and intelligent construction and development are based on automation and artificial intelligence of large structures ( Ismagilova et al, 2019 , Janssen et al, 2019 ). Social or responsible marketing, also known as corporate social responsibility (CSR), is driven by DM-based communications through digital platforms and social media channels ( Orlandi, Ricciardi, Rossignoli, & De Marco, 2019 ).…”

IoT in Smart Cities: A Survey of Technologies, Practices and Challenges

“…In this survey, we provide a review of the use of IoT in Smart Cities and discuss how they facilitate such initiatives. However, since this topic is of high interest to researchers, while conducting the literature search, several surveys were found relating to this topic [8][9][10][11][12]. The authors in [9] discuss challenges that IoT deployment faces in Smart Cities and look at their interrelation based on experts available to them and rank them.…”

“…However, since this topic is of high interest to researchers, while conducting the literature search, several surveys were found relating to this topic [8][9][10][11][12]. The authors in [9] discuss challenges that IoT deployment faces in Smart Cities and look at their interrelation based on experts available to them and rank them. Our work is different from [9] in that our coverage of the challenges is blind to specific expert opinion and therefore not limited in scope to their application domain only, we provide an across the board discussion of the critical aspects that IoT designers in Smart Cities need to be vary about and go through practices addressing each of those aspects.…”

“…The authors in [9] discuss challenges that IoT deployment faces in Smart Cities and look at their interrelation based on experts available to them and rank them. Our work is different from [9] in that our coverage of the challenges is blind to specific expert opinion and therefore not limited in scope to their application domain only, we provide an across the board discussion of the critical aspects that IoT designers in Smart Cities need to be vary about and go through practices addressing each of those aspects. The authors in [8] focus their discussion on the architecture and applications of IoT in Smart Cities and briefly describe the technologies used.…”

“…They also talk about various application avenues of such systems. In contrast to the works of [8][9][10][11][12], we provide a detailed overview of the different core units and the technologies used in smart city implementations and discuss the current state of their usage/deployment. Figure 1 provides the structure of the survey.…”