Chamomile harvesters: A review

Brabandt, Hanna; Ehlert, Detlef

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2011.03.017

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…According to Herold et al (1989), Hecht et al (1992), Dachler & Pelzmann (1999), Mohr (2002), Zimmer & Müller (2004) and Brabandt & Ehlert (2011), inflorescences of chamomile (Matricaria recutita L.), marigold, St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum L.) and several other medicinal plants can be harvested by machines with the working device known as a rotating comb. Martinov & Adamovic (2002), Zimmer & Müller (2004), Martinov & Konstantinovic (2007) stated that the harvest of chamomile and pyrethrum (Pyrethrum cinerariaefolium Trev.)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Martinov & Adamovic (2002), Zimmer & Müller (2004), Martinov & Konstantinovic (2007) stated that the harvest of chamomile and pyrethrum (Pyrethrum cinerariaefolium Trev.) can be performed by the virtual rotating comb type harvester, by Brabandt & Ehlert (2011) named "rotating pin drum", with wide tines distance. The distance between tines is about 0.05 m and the comb effect is created by the drum rotation due to spiral tines setting.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanized harvesting and primary processing of Calendula officinalis L. inflorescences

Veselinov

Adamovic

Martinov

et al. 2014

Span. j. agric. res.

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Manual harvesting of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) inflorescences results in superior quality, but requires enormous manpower. The objectives of the research were to examine the possibility of mechanized harvesting of marigold inflorescences by virtual rotating comb-type chamomile harvester, widely used in South Eastern Europe, and to develop the mechanical separator for the inflorescences from the harvested mass. The impact of coefficient R, ratio of the harvester's penetration into the inflorescences horizon and the width of inflorescences band (i.e. the average value of the highest and lowest inflorescences span) on the harvest yield, was tested first. Separation was performed by a bespoke separator that uses five cascades of oscillating sieves made of longitudinally situated rods. Influence of oscillation frequencies and rod distances on separation efficiency was investigated. It was found that, for coefficient R value of 1.3, an average of 97% of the total inflorescences yield can be harvested. The proportion of inflorescences with stem length up to 2 cm was 65% and 35% for stems over 2 cm. The result of mechanized harvest was the reduction in both the number of succeeding harvests and the yield, due to bud damages and elimination. The highest separation efficiency was obtained by using 2.7 Hz oscillation frequency and combination of 6/8 mm rods' distances in sieves. After three passes of the harvested mass through the device, approximately 92% of inflorescences were separated. Future investigations should be directed towards solving the issue of mechanical shortening of the inflorescences stems and evaluating the economic viability of mechanized harvesting within the proposed procedure.Additional key words: marigold; virtual rotating comb; separation; sieves.* Corresponding author: branislavveselinov@uns.ac.rs Received: 17-08-13. Accepted: 10-04-14.Abbreviations used: h (tube height); h IHH (inflorescences horizon height); h IW (the width of inflorescences band): h P (the depth of working device penetration into the inflorescences horizon); I H1 (indicator -percentage of the harvested inflorescences in the total inflorescences yield); I H2 (indicator -percentage of the harvested inflorescences in the total harvested mass); I H3 (indicatorthe ratio of the mass of inflorescences with stem length up to 2 cm and the mass of inflorescences with stems longer than 2 cm); I S1 (indicator -the percentage of separated inflorescences); I S2 (indicator -ratio of the mass of inflorescences with stem length up to 2 cm and the mass of inflorescences with stems length over 2 cm, separated over the sieves); M Hha (the total harvested plant mass per hectare); M HI ≤ 2 (the average mass of inflorescences samples with stem length ≤2 cm); M HI > 2 (the average mass of inflorescences samples with stem length >2 cm); M HI ≤ 2ha (the harvested mass of inflorescences per hectare with stem length ≤2 cm); M HI > 2ha (the harvested mass of inflorescences per hectare with stem length >2 cm); M HIha (the total harvested m...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanized harvesting and primary processing of Calendula officinalis L. inflorescences

Veselinov

Adamovic

Martinov

et al. 2014

Span. j. agric. res.

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“…According to this classification, the theories of flowers harvesting automated systems can be considered as falling under the direct harvesting and direct harvest with driving force methods. Brabandt and Ehlert (2011) classified the picking principle of flowers to two basic principles; picking comb and picking rotor. The picking combs can move linearly or rotate.…”

Section: Automation Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automated Systems as a Factor Affecting on Flowers Plant Harvesting

Salama¹,

Tayel²,

Ibrahim³

et al. 2022

Journal of Pharmaceutical Negative Results

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In the last decade, the adoption of fully automated systems in agricultural operations has become an urgent need due to high labor costs and low efficiency. The harvesting process is one of those agricultural activities that require a lot of work in addition to high costs. The study investigates different fully automated harvesting systems for one of the most important crops, medicinal and aromatic plants, especially flowers which are involved in many industries and characterized by high economic importance in the global trade balance of crops. Process technologies that include harvest automation and standardization of the automated system detection problems and accuracy were analyzed and compared. Finally, to solve the various problems that facing the cutting flowers production, it is necessary to accelerate the development of mechanized harvesting, realize the mechanization of information acquisition and standardization in order to advance precision agriculture and agricultural wisdom for the future.

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“…Chamomile is one of the most cultivated MAPs in the world, with more than 20,000 ha [ 2 ]. Among various biological activities, chamomile flowers are used for their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities, for digestive, uterine muscle, menstrual, and postpartum disorders, as well as for anxiety, cancer prevention, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, liver disorders, and neuralgic pains [ 3 , 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estimation of the Controlled Release of Antioxidants from β-Cyclodextrin/Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) or Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum L.), Asteraceae, Hydrophilic Extract Complexes through the Fast and Cheap Spectrophotometric Technique

Horablaga,

Şibu (Ciobanu),

Megyesi

et al. 2023

Plants

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This is the first study on the modeling of the controlled release of the estimated antioxidants (flavonoids or flavonolignans) from β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)/hydrophilic vegetable extract complexes and the modeling of transdermal pharmaceutical formulations based on these complexes using an overall estimation by the spectrophotometric method. The Korsmeyer–Peppas model was chosen for evaluating the release mechanisms. β-CD/chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L., Asteraceae) ethanolic extract and β-CD/milk thistle (Silybum marianum L., Asteraceae) ethanolic extract complexes were obtained by the co-crystallization method with good recovering yields of 55–76%, slightly lower than for β-CD/silibinin or silymarin complexes (~87%). According to differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Karl Fischer water titration (KFT), the thermal stability of complexes is similar to β-CD hydrate while the hydration water content is lower, revealing the formation of molecular inclusion complexes. In the Korsmeyer–Peppas model, β-CD/M. chamomilla flower extract complexes reveal Case II transport mechanisms, while the corresponding complexes with leaf extracts indicate non-Fickian diffusion for the controlled release of antioxidants in ethanol 60 and 96%. The same non-Fickian diffusion was revealed by β-CD/S. marianum extract and β-CD/silibinin complexes. On the contrary, almost all model transdermal pharmaceutical formulations based on β-CD/M. chamomilla extract complexes and all those based on β-CD/S. marianum extract complexes revealed non-Fickian diffusion for the antioxidant release. These results indicate that H-bonding is mainly involved in the diffusion of antioxidants into a β-CD based matrix, while the controlled release of antioxidants in model formulations is mainly due to hydrophobic interactions. Results obtained in this study can be further used for studying the particular antioxidants (namely rutin or silibinin, quantified, for example, by liquid chromatographic techniques) for their transdermal transport and biological effects in innovatively designed pharmaceutical formulations that can be obtained using “green” methods and materials.

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Chamomile harvesters: A review

Cited by 13 publications

References 5 publications

Mechanized harvesting and primary processing of Calendula officinalis L. inflorescences

Mechanized harvesting and primary processing of Calendula officinalis L. inflorescences

Automated Systems as a Factor Affecting on Flowers Plant Harvesting

Estimation of the Controlled Release of Antioxidants from β-Cyclodextrin/Chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.) or Milk Thistle (Silybum marianum L.), Asteraceae, Hydrophilic Extract Complexes through the Fast and Cheap Spectrophotometric Technique

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