Change detection and building spatial geodatabase for Iraqi marshes

Abstract

The Iraqi Marshlands has natural and economic potential through its environment rich in various forms of lives. This region has suffered numerous setbacks due to human and natural factors, especially in the last two decades of the last century, which led to significant environmental degradation. The purpose of this paper is to prepare spatial data for the area of the marshes in Iraq as a base (Hour-al Hoveizah and central marshes and Hammar). Also, the other aim is to produce a digital geodatabase for the marshes for the years 1973, 1986, 1999, 2006 and 2016 by using ArcGIS. The process of building geodatabase has been through done in three stages: the first stage is including data collection. The second stage will be by merging the satellite images covering the Iraqi marshes and add to images in order to get the image mosaic process. Also, a georeferencing of satellite images is to be done with all the traditional maps of the same area of the marsh. Finally, complete the full geodatabase for the area of interest by using ArcGIS as the in Cartography Design. The results of this research would be a geodatabase for the Iraqi marshes.

The Establishing of Geospatial Database for Agricultural Lands of Islamic WAQF In Iraq: Case Study Babil Province

“…The research findings previously get a lot of weaknesses, along with a long necessary to finish and the capacity to handle places or do analyzes. With the development of advanced technology such as geospatial techniques, which already are commonly used in a number of industries [10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. According to the literature, there are no geographical control methods for agricultural lands belonged to Islamic endowments.…”

The evaluation of carbon monoxide emissions using regression analysis and GIS techniques

“…In another study, Gaar et al, 2009 [21] applied A Gaussian plume model to predict the dispersion of CO emissions of elevated flares in Basra city, their results indicated that the highest CO concentrations occur under unstable weather conditions. In general, dispersion models can be consistent with the GIS environment, another technique depends on remote sensing data such as satellite images, several studies in many applications used satellite images [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31] Rajab et al, 2013 measured carbon monoxide concentrations at national level in Iraq, their method has utilized satellite data captured by Terra spacecraft with a spatial resolution (1˚x1˚), the results showed that there was a notable increase in CO concentrations over industrial and congested cities compared to rural and desert areas. In another study, Majeed al et., 2020 [33] used satellite data obtained from NASA's Global Modelling and Assimilation Office to analyse surface CO over Iraq, their long-term prediction indicated that CO concentrations reached the highest values over dense and industrial cities such as Baghdad and Basra, in addition, CO concentrations were negative with wind speed and temperature.…”

Accuracy Assessment for points coordinates surveyed using low-cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle and Global Positioning System with 3Dsurvey and 3DF Zephyr software

“…The accuracy of the resulting model will improve as the number of GCPs is increased [11]. The model's accuracy is also affected by how the GCPs are dispersed across the project [12]. The optimal number of GCPs for UAV mapping systems is the subject of considerable study [13,14].…”