Change in the chemical potential of niobium at transition to the superconducting state

Temperature derivative of the chemical potential and its magneto-oscillations in a two-dimensional system

“…Correspondingly, when the two plates are connected electrically and an external parameter varies affecting one of the chemical potential values, a recharging current starts flowing between the plates. The recharging current is proportional to ∆µ (in case the capacitance C varies), ∝ ∂µ/∂n (in case one of the plates is a 2D gas of a density n varying with a gate voltage [6,7]), In our study we apply the technique of measuring ∂µ/∂T similar to that used by Nizhankovskii for bulk samples [10], to the 2D electron systems in magnetic field. We focus on ∂µ/∂T oscillations to compare them with semiclassical theory, and to determine the shape of the density of states of Landau levels.…”

“…Correspondingly, when the two plates are connected electrically and an external parameter varies affecting one of the chemical potential values, a recharging current starts flowing between the plates. The recharging current is proportional to ∆µ (in case the capacitance C varies), ∝ ∂µ/∂n (in case one of the plates is a 2D gas of a density n varying with a gate voltage [6,7]), 1) e-mail: alexkun@lebedev.ru ∝ ∂µ/∂B (in case the magnetic field B varies [9]), or ∝ ∂µ/∂T (in case the temperature varies [10]). …”

“…In our study we apply the technique of measuring ∂µ/∂T similar to that used by Nizhankovskii for bulk samples [10], to the 2D electron systems in magnetic field. We focus on ∂µ/∂T oscillations to compare them with semiclassical theory, and to determine the shape of the density of states of Landau levels.…”

“…-We studied two gated GaAs/AlGaAs single heterojunctions (GaAs1 and GaAs2, similar to tat from Ref [26]) in the temperature range between 2.5 and 25K with electron mobilities 20 and 25 m 2 /V s, respectively. The modulation technique was similar to that used by Nizhankovskii [10] and will be reported elsewhere [27]. The density could be varied in the interval from 2 · 10 11 cm −2 to 4 · 10 11 cm −2 by changing the gate voltage.…”

Chemical potential induced phase transition in the metallic electrode attached to the ferroelectric Pb5Ge3O11 single crystal

“…This behaviour has been demonstrated theoretically and experimentally in Refs. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. For a given microscopic model, the chemical potential temperature dependence can be determined from the condition that the average number of the electrons in the investigated material is equal to a constant where the averaging procedure is performed within the grand canonical ensemble.…”