Changes in atopy prevalence and sibship effect in rural population at all ages

Sozańska, Barbara; Pearce, Neil; Błaszczyk, Mateusz; Boznański, Andrzej; Cullinan, Paul

doi:10.1111/all.12623

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In the present study, the analysis of the sensitization pattern of the bakers showed a 55% rate of specific sensitization to work-related aeroallergens (storage mites and flours). Additionally, the prevalence of atopy in our population was higher than that reported in the general population (about 20%) [ 31 , 32 ], suggesting that exposure to flour dust may increases the risk of developing atopy over time. Nevertheless, an accurate identification of the inciting agents would have required a specific inhalation challenge, which, however, must be carried out in a hospital setting [ 33 ].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Upper and Lower Respiratory Signs and Symptoms in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Flour Dust

Crivellaro

Ottaviano

Maculan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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A group of 142 bakers was studied in order to investigate the relationship between higher/lower respiratory signs/symptoms and inflammation biomarkers and occupational exposure to flour dust. A complete upper and lower respiratory tract evaluation was performed. Seven percent of bakers complained of lower respiratory symptoms, while 22% of them complained of upper respiratory symptoms. Fifty five percent of the bakers were allergic, and 37.1% showed sensitization to occupational allergens. Abnormal spirometries were found in 15% of bakers, while fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) was above the normal reference in 24.5% of them. Moreover, 23.8% of bakers were found to be hyposmic. Population mean peak nasal inspiratory flow (PNIF) was in the normal range even if almost all the workers suffered from neutrophilic rhinitis at nasal cytology with the number of nasal neutrophils increasing with the increase of the duration of exposure to flour dust (p = 0.03). PNIF and FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in the 1st second) showed a positive correlation (p = 0.03; r = 0.19). The Tiffeneau index decreased with the increase of dust (p = 0.017). A similar result was obtained once we divided our population into smokers and non-smokers (p = 0.021). Long-term exposure to bakery dusts can lead to a status of minimal nasal inflammation and allergy.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 73%

Upper and Lower Respiratory Signs and Symptoms in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Flour Dust

Crivellaro

Ottaviano

Maculan

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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“…There was no relationship observed between the place of residence and the frequency of respiratory tract diseases, which remains in contrast to other literature reports within this issue. 22 This seems to be caused by the place of performing the research (lack of big urban agglomerations and respondents coming from small towns and rural areas).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of spirometry results in hospitalized patients aged over 65 years

Wróblewska¹,

Oleśniewicz²,

Kurpas³

et al. 2015

CIA

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Introduction and objectiveThe growing population of the elderly, as well as the occurrence of coexisting diseases and polypharmacy, is the reason why diseases of patients aged $65 years belong to the major issues of the contemporary medicine. Among the most frequent diseases of the elderly, there are respiratory system diseases. They are difficult to diagnose because of the patient group specificity, which is the reason for increased mortality among seniors, caused by underdiagnosis. The study objective was to assess the factors influencing spirometry results in hospitalized patients aged ≥65 years with respiratory system disorders.Material and methodsIn the research, 217 (100%) patients aged ≥65 years who underwent spirometry at the Regional Medical Center of the Jelenia Góra Valley Hospital in Poland were analyzed. In the statistical analysis, the STATISTICA 9.1 program, the t-test, the Shapiro–Wilk test, the ANOVA test, and the Scheffé’s test were applied.ResultsThe majority of the patients (59.4%) were treated in the hospital. The most frequent diagnosis was malignant neoplasm (18%). The study showed a statistically significant dependence between the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC parameters and the time of hospitalization, as well as between the FVC and FEV1 parameters and the age of patients. The FVC parameter values turned out to be dependent on the main diagnosis. Highest results were noted in patients with the diagnosis of sleep apnea or benign neoplasm. A low FVC index can reflect restrictive ventilation defects, which was supported by the performed analyses. Highest FEV1/FVC values were observed in nonsmokers, which confirms the influence of nicotine addiction on the incidence of respiratory system diseases.ConclusionThe respondents’ sex and the established diagnosis statistically significantly influenced the FVC index result, and the diet influenced the FEV1/FVC parameter result.

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“…Furthermore, Sozanska et al. showed that the protective effects of larger family size and birth order on atopy were much stronger in children than in adults and among those living in a village.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Ar and Allergen Sensitizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Latest developments in allergic rhinitis in Allergy for clinicians and researchers

Wang

2015

Allergy

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Research efforts in allergic rhinitis have always been intense. Over the past 3 years, numerous breakthroughs in basic science and clinical research have been made, augmenting our understanding of this condition that afflicts a significant proportion of the global population. New epidemiological findings, novel insights into the molecular and cellular mechanisms of allergy, enhancement of current developmental theories, new concepts of the goals and endpoints of management, and latest therapeutic modalities that includes the harnessing of information technology and big data are some areas where important advances were made. We attempt to bring you a summary of the key research advances made in the field of allergic rhinitis from 2013 to 2015.Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common condition that affects a significant proportion of the global population, across all age groups, and is often a life-long condition. Its impact on direct and indirect healthcare costs is significant and it negatively impacts patients' quality of life, work performance and social functioning (1). Overall, AR poses a significant public health burden. Research efforts on AR have been intensive given its significance. Busy clinicians and scientists may find it difficult to keep up with the plethora of published articles and sift out the salient points. We performed this review of articles published mainly in Allergy (2013Allergy ( -2015, a representative journal in the field, to provide an update on important research findings on AR.Interesting research findings on the epidemiology, developmental theories and pathophysiology, novel technology and management have emerged. However, these studies are of diverse and unique content. We grouped these studies into a coherent bundle, which might aid in contextual understanding and interpretation. Areas of debate and uncertainty are discussed for potential research to be considered for the clarification of these knowledge gaps. Prevalence, burden and comorbidities of AR Preschool children: a neglected populationThe international ISAAC studies have elucidated the prevalence of AR, AD and asthma in children above the age of six and have enhanced our understanding of allergy in paediatric populations (2, 3). Data in preschool children are, however, lacking. A nationwide study in Portugal found that 43.4% of preschool children had rhinitis based on an adapted ISAAC questionnaire (4). A Brazilian study used Phase III EISL and modified ISAAC questionnaires to assess rhinitis symptoms in infants aged 12-15 months. This study found that 48.3% of children had at least one episode of sneezing, runny or blocked nose without cold or flu in the first year of life, and a quarter of infants had recurrent wheezing (≥3 episodes) and wheezing was more frequent in the presence of AR symptoms (5). A higher prevalence in preschool children may be expected as infectious rhinitis or other types of rhinitis is common due to a wide spectrum of risk factors (e.g. viruses, bacteria, moulds and other stimAllergy 70 (2015) ...

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Changes in atopy prevalence and sibship effect in rural population at all ages

Abstract: The protective effects of family size and birth order on atopy were much stronger in children than in adults and among those living in a village. They largely disappeared with the steep increase in atopy prevalence at all ages; this followed environmental changes on the village farms.

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Upper and Lower Respiratory Signs and Symptoms in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Flour Dust

Upper and Lower Respiratory Signs and Symptoms in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Flour Dust

Analysis of spirometry results in hospitalized patients aged over 65 years

Latest developments in allergic rhinitis in Allergy for clinicians and researchers

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Changes in atopy prevalence and sibship effect in rural population at all ages

Abstract: The protective effects of family size and birth order on atopy were much stronger in children than in adults and among those living in a village. They largely disappeared with the steep increase in atopy prevalence at all ages; this followed environmental changes on the village farms.

Cited by 9 publications

References 21 publications

Upper and Lower Respiratory Signs and Symptoms in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Flour Dust

Upper and Lower Respiratory Signs and Symptoms in Workers Occupationally Exposed to Flour Dust

Analysis of spirometry results in hospitalized patients aged over 65&nbsp;years

Latest developments in allergic rhinitis in Allergy for clinicians and researchers

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Analysis of spirometry results in hospitalized patients aged over 65 years