Changes in baroreceptor vagal reflex performance in the developing rat

Kasparov, Sergey; Paton, Julian F. R.

doi:10.1007/s004240050418

Cited by 71 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…A baroreflex response was seen in young rats (P5-P6; heart rate slowed significantly), but the response was attenuated in older rats (P10-P20). After P20, the baroreflex was once again evident, and the heart rate decreased to levels similar to P5-P6 rats after phenylephrine administration (Kasparov and Paton, 1997). During the period of reduced baroreflex responses, arterial blood pressure increased from relatively low neonatal values to higher, adult levels (Kasparov and Paton, 1997).…”

Section: Neonatal Development Of Other Autonomic Control Systemsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Neonatal maturation of the hypercapnic ventilatory response and central neural CO2 chemosensitivity

Putnam

Conrad

Gdovin

et al. 2005

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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The ventilatory response to CO 2 changes as a function of neonatal development. In rats, a ventilatory response to CO 2 is present in the first 5 days of life, but this ventilatory response to CO 2 wanes and reaches its lowest point around postnatal day 8. Subsequently, the ventilatory response to CO 2 rises towards adult levels. Similar patterns in the ventilatory response to CO 2 are seen in some other species, although some animals do not exhibit all of these phases. Different developmental patterns of the ventilatory response to CO 2 may be related to the state of development of the animal at birth. The triphasic pattern of responsiveness (early decline, a nadir, and subsequent achievement of adult levels of responsiveness) may arise from the development of several processes, including central neural mechanisms, gas exchange, the neuromuscular junction, respiratory muscles and respiratory mechanics. We only discuss central neural mechanisms here, including altered CO 2 sensitivity of neurons among the various sites of central CO 2 chemosensitivity, changes in astrocytic function during development, the maturation of electrical and chemical synaptic mechanisms (both inhibitory and excitatory mechanisms) or changes in the integration of chemosensory information originating from peripheral and multiple central CO 2 chemosensory sites. Among these central processes, the maturation of synaptic mechanisms seems most important and the relative maturation of synaptic processes may also determine how plastic the response to CO 2 is at any particular age.

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Section: Neonatal Development Of Other Autonomic Control Systemsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Neonatal maturation of the hypercapnic ventilatory response and central neural CO2 chemosensitivity

Putnam

Conrad

Gdovin

et al. 2005

Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology

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show abstract

“…in water for injections; Sigma, UK) over approximately 20 min to prevent cardio-respiratory depression, thereby permitting controlled in vivo manipulation of the cardiovascular system under anaesthesia, as previously established and validated. 23- 25 The arterial catheter was connected to a pressure transducer (Argon Division, Maxxim Medical, Athens, Texas, USA). Arterial blood pressure was recorded continually on a custom built Data Acquisition System (Maastricht-Programmable AcQuisition system, M-PAQ and IDEEQ software, Maastricht Instruments, The Netherlands; 1000 Hz sample rate).…”

Section: Data and Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vitamin C Prevents Intrauterine Programming of in vivo Cardiovascular Dysfunction in the Rat

Kane

Herrera

Camm

et al. 2013

Circ J

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Background: Fetal hypoxia is common and in vitro evidence supports its role in the programming of adult cardiovascular dysfunction through the generation of oxidative stress. Whether fetal chronic hypoxia programmes alterations in cardiovascular control in vivo, and if these alterations can be prevented by antioxidant treatment, is unknown. This study investigated the effects of prenatal fetal hypoxia, with and without maternal supplementation with vitamin C, on basal and stimulated cardiovascular function in vivo in the adult offspring at 4 months of age in the rat. Methods and Results:From days 6 to 20 of pregnancy, Wistar rats were subjected to Normoxia, Hypoxia (13% O2), Hypoxia+Vitamin C (5 mg/ml in drinking water) or Normoxia+Vitamin C. At 4 months, male offspring were instrumented under urethane anaesthesia. Basal mean arterial blood pressure, heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) were assessed, and stimulated baroreflex curves were generated with phenylephrine and sodium nitroprusside. Chronic fetal hypoxia increased the LF/HF HRV ratio and baroreflex gain, effects prevented by vitamin C administration during pregnancy. Conclusions:Chronic intrauterine hypoxia programmes cardiovascular dysfunction in vivo in adult rat offspring; effects ameliorated by maternal treatment with vitamin C. The data support a role for fetal chronic hypoxia programming cardiovascular dysfunction in the adult rat offspring in vivo through the generation of oxidative stress in utero. (Circ J 2013; 77: 2604 -2611

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“…We reported that, before birth, NTS synaptogenesis was an activityindependent process (Balland et al, 2006). However, visceral reflexes undergo maturational changes and NTS circuitry still develops after birth (Kasparov and Paton, 1997;Vincent and Tell, 1999;Lachamp et al, 2002;Moss, 2002;Rinaman, 2003;Vincent et al, 2004). Thus, environmental events during postnatal life can influence autonomic circuit formation (Card et al, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silent Synapses in Developing Rat Nucleus Tractus Solitarii Have AMPA Receptors

Balland

Lachamp²,

Kessler³

et al. 2008

J. Neurosci.

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NMDA-only synapses, called silent synapses, are thought to be the initial step in synapse formation in several systems. However, the underlying mechanism and the role in circuit construction are still a matter of dispute. Using combined morphological and electrophysiological approaches, we searched for silent synapses at the level of the nucleus tractus solitarii (NTS), a brainstem structure that is a gateway for many visceral sensory afferent fibers. Silent synapses were detected at birth by using electrophysiological recordings and minimal stimulation protocols. However, anatomical experiments indicated that nearly all, if not all, NTS synapses had AMPA receptors. Based on EPSC fluctuation measurements and differential blockade by low-affinity competitive and noncompetitive glutamate antagonists, we then demonstrated that NTS silent synapses were better explained by glutamate spillover from neighboring fibers and/or slow dynamic of fusion pore opening. Glutamate spillover at immature NTS synapses may favor crosstalk between active synapses during development when glutamate transporters are weakly expressed and contribute to synaptic processing as well as autonomic circuit formation.

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Changes in baroreceptor vagal reflex performance in the developing rat

Cited by 71 publications

References 23 publications

Neonatal maturation of the hypercapnic ventilatory response and central neural CO2 chemosensitivity

Neonatal maturation of the hypercapnic ventilatory response and central neural CO2 chemosensitivity

Vitamin C Prevents Intrauterine Programming of in vivo Cardiovascular Dysfunction in the Rat

Silent Synapses in Developing Rat Nucleus Tractus Solitarii Have AMPA Receptors

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