Changes in content of triterpenoids and polysaccharides in Ganoderma lingzhi at different growth stages

Abstract

Ganoderma lingzhi is a traditional medicinal mushroom, and its extract contains many bioactive compounds. Triterpenoids and polysaccharides are the primary bioactive components that contribute to its medicinal properties. In this study, we quantified 18 triterpenoids, total triterpenoid content and total polysaccharide content in the ethanol and water extracts of G. lingzhi at different growth stages. Triterpenoids were quantified by liquid chromatograph-tandem mass spectrometry in the multiple-reaction-monitoring mode. Total triterpenoid and total polysaccharide content were determined by colorimetric analysis. The results indicated that the fruit bodies at an early growth stage had a higher content of ganoderic acid A, C2, I and LM2, as well as of ganoderenic acid C and D, than those at a later growth stage. In contrast, ganoderic acid K, TN and T-Q contents were higher in mature fruit bodies (maturation stage). The highest total triterpenoid and total polysaccharide contents were found in fruit bodies before maturity (stipe elongation stage or early stage of pileus formation). Our results provide information which will contribute to the establishment of an efficient cultivation system for G. lingzhi with a higher content of triterpenoids.

Mass Spectrometry-Based Untargeted Metabolomics and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Lingzhi (Ganoderma lingzhi) During the Developmental Stages

“…Although, targeted analysis of some G. lingzhi triterpenoids during its various developmental stages has been reported before [13,21]; untargeted metabolomics studies analyzing the chemical changes of G. lingzhi at different developmental stages has not been reported to date. In this study, untargeted metabolomics was performed by using GC/MS and LC/IT-TOF-MS in combination with multivariate analysis, to investigate the changes of metabolites in G. lingzhi at different developmental stages.…”

Ganoderic acid A is the effective ingredient of Ganoderma triterpenes in retarding renal cyst development in polycystic kidney disease

“…As we have discussed above, GA-C2 showed very low activity in vitro, which further emphasized the effect of GA-A itself on ADPKD. Furthermore, GA-A content accounts for more than half of G. lucidum , and the determination of GA-A content has been used as the scientific basis for judging the quality of G. lucidum ; however, the specific content varies according to the differences in the origin and growth stage [ 42 , 43 ]. Hence, GA-A shows promise in terms of its market value and production potential.…”

Comparative Analysis of Carbohydrates, Nucleosides and Amino Acids in Different Parts of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. by (Ultra) High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Evaporative Light Scattering Detector Methods

“…The polysaccharides were determined as glucose with hydrolyzing polysaccharides into glucose monomer, which based on the color reaction of polysaccharides and their derivatives with phenol and concentrated sulfuric acid [29,34,35]. 1.0 mL of each concentration of glucose standard solution were added into different dry glass test tubes respectively.…”