Changes in epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of nontyphoid Salmonella in children in southern Taiwan, 1997–2016

Lo, Hsiao Yu; Lai, Fu Ping; Yang, Yao

doi:10.1016/j.jmii.2018.06.004

Cited by 19 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…More than half the NTS isolates were classified as MDR, with particularly high resistance in groups B, D, and E. These three groups also had the highest resistance rate to third-generation cephalosporin. In Taiwan, self-transferable bla CMY−2 -harboring IncI1 plasmids have been identified in several Salmonella serotypes belonging to Salmonella groups B and D (Lo et al, 2020). Since 2015, northern Taiwan has experienced an increase in Salmonella infections caused by previously rare Salmonella Anatum, a serogroup E serotype.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Infection in Taiwanese Children

Chang

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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Non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) typically causes self-limiting diarrheal disease but may occasionally lead to invasive infection. This study investigated the epidemiology and antimicrobial resistance of children with NTS infection between 2012 and 2019. We retrospectively analyzed pediatric patients with NTS infections, confirmed by positive cultures, in a tertiary medical center in Taiwan in 2012 and 2019. Clinical features and laboratory data of the patients were collected. Changes in the serogroup category and antimicrobial resistance were also analyzed. Of the total 797 isolates collected, 55 had NTS bacteremia. Compared with the resistance rates in 2012, the rates of resistances to third-generation cephalosporin and ciprofloxacin were significantly higher in 2019 (4.1% vs 14.3%, P < 0.001; 1.9% vs 28.6%, P < 0.001), especially in groups B, D, and E. Moreover, we observed significantly higher antimicrobial resistance (25.3%) to third-generation cephalosporin, and approximately half the NTS isolates in the infant group were multidrug resistant – a higher rate than those of other age groups in 2019. Invasive NTS often presented with a longer fever duration, lower hemoglobin level and with no elevated C-reactive protein (P < 0.05). Non-invasive NTS isolates in 2019 were significantly more resistant to ceftriaxone (P < 0.001) and ciprofloxacin (P < 0.001) than those in 2012. The antimicrobial resistance of NTS in children has increased progressively in the past decade, and different serogroups exhibited different resistance patterns. During this period, infants showed the highest risk to get a third-generation cephalosporin-resistant NTS infection. The high rates of antimicrobial resistance among children with NTS in Taiwan merit continual surveillance.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changing Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Infection in Taiwanese Children

Chang

Chen

et al. 2021

Front. Microbiol.

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“…2,3 On the other hand, the extensive use of antimicrobials in human and food animals has led to the increasing antimicrobial resistance of Salmonella in Southeast Asian countries, including Taiwan. 4,5 Antimicrobial resistance may contribute to treatment failure, and poor clinical outcomes. 6 Salmonella serotypes are the most common pathogens for pediatric bacterial gastroenteritis in Taiwan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 Salmonella serotypes are the most common pathogens for pediatric bacterial gastroenteritis in Taiwan. 5 Due to the high rate of resistance to conventional antimicrobials, ciprofloxacin or ceftriaxone has become the drug of choice for the treatment of invasive salmonellosis. 7 Children with ceftriaxone-or ciprofloxacin-resistant NTS infection were previously reported in Taiwan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…7 Children with ceftriaxone-or ciprofloxacin-resistant NTS infection were previously reported in Taiwan. 5,8 However, comprehensive studies on the epidemiology and source of the highly resistant NTS and the impact of resistance on patients' outcome are still lacking. To address this gap, we investigated the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and laboratory characteristics of highly antimicrobial-resistant NTS infection in children in northern Taiwan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Highly antimicrobial-resistant Nontyphoidal Salmonella from retail meats and clinical impact in children, Taiwan

Chang

Chen

Feng

et al. 2020

Pediatrics & Neonatology

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Background: The epidemiology of nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) resistant to ciprofloxacin or ceftriaxone and its impact on patients' clinical course are rarely reported. Methods: Children with culture-proven salmonellosis treated in a medical center in northern Taiwan in 2017 were enrolled. To trace the source of Salmonella, Salmonella isolated from food samples were collected from markets. Antimicrobial susceptibility and serotypes were determined. Results: Among the 453 isolates, 122 (26.9%) were highly antimicrobial-resistant, as defined by resistance to ciprofloxacin or ceftriaxone or both. The most prevalent highly resistant serotype was S. Anatum (66, 54.1%). Salmonella was detected in 94.1%, 66.7%, and 8.6% of examined pork, chicken, and vegetables examined, respectively. S. Anatum (6, 21.4%) and S. Derby (6, 21.4%) were the major serotypes isolated. Majority of the S. Anatum (5, 83.3%) were highly antimicrobial-resistant. More patients infected by highly resistant Salmonella required carbapenem treatment (OR Z 23.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.8e192.7, P < 0.001). Patients with ceftriaxone-resistant NTS infections had a significantly longer hospital stay than others

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“…Our disc diffusion results indicated that Ceftriaxone is an effective antibiotic against the isolate sample, and it is widely suggested for the treatment of Salmonella infections [ 46 ]. However, we found one stool and one blood isolate resistant to Ceftriaxone from the MIC result, as increasing cases have also been noticed [ 47 , 48 , 49 ]. The clinical implications of this result need further study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Correlation between Pathogenic Determinants Associated with Clinically Isolated Non-Typhoidal Salmonella

et al. 2021

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Non-typhoidal and Typhoidal Salmonella are bacterial pathogens source of worldwide and major disease burden. Virulent determinants of specific serovars belonging to non-typhoidal Salmonella have been extensively studied in different models, yet the pathogenesis of this group of bacteria and the development of clinical symptoms globally remains underexplored. Herein, we implemented microbiological and molecular procedures to investigate isolate virulence traits and molecular diversity, likely in association with disease severity. Our results show that selected clinical isolates from a tertiary referring hospital, depending on the richness of the environment and isolate serotypes, exhibited different, and sometimes controversial, virulence properties. The tested strains were susceptible to Ceftriaxone (90%) with decreasing reactivity to Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole (72%), Chloramphenicol (64%), Ampicillin (48%), Gentamicin (44%), and Ciprofloxacin (2%). Disc susceptibility results partially correlated with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC); however, special attention must be given to antimicrobial treatment, as a rise in multi-resistant isolates to Trimethoprim–Sulfamethoxazole (2/38 µg/mL), Minocycline (8 µg/mL) and Ampicillin (16 µg/mL) has been noticed, with two isolates resistant to Ceftazidime (16 µg/mL). By comparison to previous molecular epidemiology studies, the variation in the gene profiles of endemic pathogens supports the need for continuous and up-to-date microbiological and molecular reports.

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Changes in epidemiology and antimicrobial susceptibility of nontyphoid Salmonella in children in southern Taiwan, 1997–2016

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Changing Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Infection in Taiwanese Children

Changing Antimicrobial Resistance and Epidemiology of Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Infection in Taiwanese Children

Highly antimicrobial-resistant Nontyphoidal Salmonella from retail meats and clinical impact in children, Taiwan

Correlation between Pathogenic Determinants Associated with Clinically Isolated Non-Typhoidal Salmonella

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