Changes in eruptive style during the A.D. 1538 Monte Nuovo eruption (Phlegrean Fields, Italy): the role of syn-eruptive crystallization

D’Oriano, Claudia; Poggianti, Elisa; Bertagnini, A.; Cioni, Raffaello; Landi, Patrizia; Polacci, Margherita; Rosi, Mauro

doi:10.1007/s00445-004-0397-z

Cited by 80 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…1a-e) was characterized by relatively low intensity and magnitude (Di Vito et al 1987;D'Oriano et al 2005;Piochi et al 2005Piochi et al , 2008. Similar to the majority of volcanic eruptions of the last 14.9 ka BP in the area (see Rosi et al 1983;Di Vito et al 1999;Isaia et al 2009), it occurred from a monogenic vent and released <0.1 km 3 of magma Rosi and Sbrana 1987;Mormone et al 2011) with a K-rich, phono-trachytic composition (Fig.…”

Section: Volcanological Background the Monte Nuovo Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…2). The erupted material consisted of variably vesicular pumice and scoria fragments with sparsely porphyritic texture and typically containing alkaline feldspars (e.g., Rosi and Sbrana 1987;Piochi et al 2008;D'Oriano et al 2005). However, the Monte Nuovo eruption seems to be an exceptional event in the Campi Flegrei history, given that in the past 14.9 ka, Campi Flegrei volcanism mostly concentrated in epochs of intense activity, alternating with quiescent periods of thousands of years; in such epochs eruptions occurred with a decadal frequency (Di Vito et al 1999; Di Renzo Fig.…”

Section: Volcanological Background the Monte Nuovo Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sampling site of the early erupted yellow pumices of LM inf d and LM inf l is indicated in panel (a) Bas et al 1986), on the left, and Alkali vs. CaO, on the right, diagrams for the Monte Nuovo natural glasses and ZAC bulk rock (Table 1). Data on natural glass and whole rocks from Piochi et al (2008), Rosi and Sbrana (1987), D'Oriano et al (2005) et al 2011). Instead, the Monte Nuovo event was the last and occurred after a volcanic quiescence of ∼3000 years.…”

Section: Volcanological Background the Monte Nuovo Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Constraining the timing of magma movements in the subsurface shortly before the eruption is a key factor to unraveling the significance of phenomena affecting the Campi Flegrei during volcanic quiescence. Previous textural studies on the Monte Nuovo eruption (D'Oriano et al 2005;Piochi et al 2005) were hampered by the lack of crystallization kinetic data for trachytic-phonolitic melt compositions. To constrain the conditions and the timescales of magmatic processes, we focus on the crystallization kinetics of alkali feldspar in trachytic melts and new crystal size distribution (CSD) data for groundmass feldspars in the natural samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Constraining pre-eruptive magma conditions and unrest timescales during the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 ad; Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy): integrating textural and CSD results from experimental and natural trachy-phonolites

et al. 2016

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We present crystallization experiments representing a broad range of growth conditions of alkali feldspar and sodalite in a trachy-phonolite magma composition during later stages of evolution. Our results include (i) textural data and mineral assemblages of synthetic samples; (ii) feldspar nucleation kinetics and growth rate estimates; and (iii) textural data, mineral abundances, and crystal size distribution measurements on samples representative of the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 AD), the last eruption of Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy. Experiments reproduced the texture and feldspar content of natural products indicating that kinetic data can provide insights into processes within the volcanic system shortly before and during this small-magnitude eruption and, particularly, about magma ascent timescale. We suggest that the groundmass crystallization of Monte Nuovo magma started between 4 and 7 km depth (∼100-200 MPa) at a temperature between 825 and 840°C (close to the liquidus of alkali feldspar). The crystallization kinetics of alkali feldspar and the absence of sodalite in most of the natural samples indicate that magma ascent rate increased in the shallow part of the conduit from about 3 km depth to the quenching level (possibly fragmentation point; ∼30 MPa), during the first phases of the eruption.The crystallization time of the magma requires that it ascended from pre-eruptive storage to the quenching level in several hours to a few days. We also observe that a small decrease in pressure can induce a dramatic increase in crystallinity, with associated rheological changes, leading to changes in the eruption style, and such changes could occur on timescales of hours to several days. The products from the later phases of the Monte Nuovo eruption are more crystalline and contain sodalite in response to the decrease in magma ascent rate, which in turn allowed for more degassing during ascent, resulting in more time spent at very shallow depths.

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Section: Volcanological Background the Monte Nuovo Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Volcanological Background the Monte Nuovo Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Volcanological Background the Monte Nuovo Eruptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Constraining pre-eruptive magma conditions and unrest timescales during the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 ad; Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy): integrating textural and CSD results from experimental and natural trachy-phonolites

et al. 2016

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“…Second, CI is the largest magnitude explosive event of the Mediterranean region in late Quaternary (dating 39 ka, De Vivo et al, 2001), while MTN is the last eruption that occurred in the caldera in A.D. 1538 (Di Vito et al, 1987). Finally, there exists in the literature a lot of information on these eruptions about their stratigraphy, deposit characteristics, eruption dynamics, compositional, geochemical and textural data that allows us to interpret the results of this study in a robust scientific context (Rosi et al, 1996;Civetta et al, 1997;Rosi et al, 1999;Polacci et al, 2003;D'Oriano et al, 2005;Piochi et al, 2005;Pappalardo et al, 2007;Piochi et al, 2008, and references therein).…”

Section: Samples and Summary Of Main Textural Featuresmentioning

confidence: 70%

Permeability measurements of Campi Flegrei pyroclastic products: An example from the Campanian Ignimbrite and Monte Nuovo eruptions

Polacci

Maisonneuve

Giordano

et al. 2014

Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research

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In order to understand outgassing during volcanic eruptions, we performed permeability measurements on trachy-phonolitic pyroclastic products from the Campanian Ignimbrite and Monte Nuovo, two explosive eruptions from the active Campi Flegrei caldera, Southern Italy. Viscous (Darcian) permeability spans a wide range between 1.22 × 10 −14 and 9.31 × 10 −11 m 2 . Inertial (non-Darcian) permeability follows the same trend as viscous permeability: it increases as viscous permeability increases, highlighting the strong direct correlation between these two parameters. We observe that vesicularity does not exert a first order control on permeability: the Monte Nuovo scoria clasts are the most permeable samples but not the most vesicular; pumice clasts from the Campanian Ignimbrite proximal facies, whose vesicularity is comparable with that of Monte Nuovo scoriae, are instead the least permeable. In addition, we find that sample geometry exhibits permeability anisotropy as samples oriented parallel to vesicle elongation are more permeable than those oriented perpendicular. We compare our results with permeability values of volcanic products from effusive and explosive activity, and discuss the role of melt viscosity and crystallinity on magma permeability.

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Quantifying volcanic hazard at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) with uncertainty assessment: 1. Vent opening maps

et al. 2015

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Campi Flegrei is an active volcanic area situated in the Campanian Plain (Italy) and dominated by a resurgent caldera. The great majority of past eruptions have been explosive, variable in magnitude, intensity, and in their vent locations. In this hazard assessment study we present a probabilistic analysis using a variety of volcanological data sets to map the background spatial probability of vent opening conditional on the occurrence of an event in the foreseeable future. The analysis focuses on the reconstruction of the location of past eruptive vents in the last 15 ka, including the distribution of faults and surface fractures as being representative of areas of crustal weakness. One of our key objectives was to incorporate some of the main sources of epistemic uncertainty about the volcanic system through a structured expert elicitation, thereby quantifying uncertainties for certain important model parameters and allowing outcomes from different expert weighting models to be evaluated. Results indicate that past vent locations are the most informative factors governing the probabilities of vent opening, followed by the locations of faults and then fractures. Our vent opening probability maps highlight the presence of a sizeable region in the central eastern part of the caldera where the likelihood of new vent opening per kilometer squared is about 6 times higher than the baseline value for the whole caldera. While these probability values have substantial uncertainties associated with them, our findings provide a rational basis for hazard mapping of the next eruption at Campi Flegrei caldera.

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Changes in eruptive style during the A.D. 1538 Monte Nuovo eruption (Phlegrean Fields, Italy): the role of syn-eruptive crystallization

Cited by 80 publications

References 49 publications

Constraining pre-eruptive magma conditions and unrest timescales during the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 ad; Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy): integrating textural and CSD results from experimental and natural trachy-phonolites

Constraining pre-eruptive magma conditions and unrest timescales during the Monte Nuovo eruption (1538 ad; Campi Flegrei, Southern Italy): integrating textural and CSD results from experimental and natural trachy-phonolites

Permeability measurements of Campi Flegrei pyroclastic products: An example from the Campanian Ignimbrite and Monte Nuovo eruptions

Quantifying volcanic hazard at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) with uncertainty assessment: 1. Vent opening maps

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