Changes in Hematological and Biochemical Profiles in Ovariohysterectomized Bitches Using an Alfaxalone–Midazolam–Morphine–Sevoflurane Protocol

Abstract

The aim of this study was to monitor hematochemical changes during and after OHE in bitches. Twenty-four females were anesthetized with alfaxalone, midazolam, morphine and sevoflurane. Blood samples were taken before anesthesia (T0), at 30 (T1), and 60 min (T2), at 3 (T3), 6 (T4), 12 (T5), and 24 h (T6), and at 3 (T7) and 7 days (T8) from the start of surgery. Red blood cells (RBC) and packed cell volume (PCV) decreased significantly from T1 to T5 and hemoglobin (HB) concentration from T4 to T6. Both the white blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil (NFS) count increased significantly from T3 to T6, monocyte (MON) from T2 to T5, and eosinophil (EOS) at T5. Platelet (PLT) and plateletcrit (PCT) significantly decreased at T5 and increased from T6 to T8; platelet distribution width (PDW) increased significantly from T3 to T6. Creatine kinase (CK) activity increased significantly from T5 to T7. Glucose (GLU) concentrations increased significantly at T2 and P from T2 to T3. TG levels decreased from T2 to T4 and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels from T1 to T7, subsequently increasing until T8. Changes possibly resulting from stress and surgical trauma, as well as hemodilution and splenic storage, are due to anesthesia and surgery. In healthy bitches, these changes tend to gradually stabilize after the ending of OHE. A post-operative follow-up is essential to detect possible post-operative complications.

Laparoscopic versus Open Ovariectomy in Bitches: Changes in Cardiorespiratory Values, Blood Parameters, and Sevoflurane Requirements Associated with the Surgical Technique

“…As for the blood count parameters such as PCV, HB and PLT, there was a significant decrease after surgery in both groups, probably due to perioperative fluid administration, splenic sequestration, and surgical trauma. These results were in line with those published recently by Rubio et al [ 60 ], where significantly decreased values were also determined in PCV and PLT compared to baseline after open OHE in healthy dogs. Additionally, some authors observed greater loss of blood in the laparotomy with respect to laparoscopic techniques [ 10 , 18 ].…”

“…Nevertheless, similar to the results of our study, they did not find any differences in the complete blood count parameters between both groups. As for the concentration of WBC, previous publications have reported significantly increased post-operative values after OHE [ 42 , 60 ]. However, in our study, both groups showed a significant decrease in the immediately postoperative period, probably due to hemodilution.…”

Investigation of changes in serum thiols and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio indices in cats undergoing ovariohysterectomy

“…With the return of vital values to normal levels in the following h the effect of the anesthetics was seen to have disappeared. Numerous studies that have used various surgical procedures and anesthesia regimens to assess the alterations in hematochemical parameters in OHE bitches have reported varying results [16]. Intraoperative blood loss of less than 15% of blood volume is not anticipated to result in clinical symptoms in non-anemic human patients, although the loss of less than 30% of intraoperative blood volume has been proposed as a red cell transfusion trigger in otherwise healthy people [17].…”

Evaluation of Haemato-biochemical Effects of Tiletamine-zolazepam Alone and in Combination with Xylazine or Xylazine-ketamine in Atropinized Dogs

“…Neutrophils showed an increase at 60 minutes followed by reduction at 6 hours and reached baseline value by 24 hours. Neutrophilia could be attributed to the stress caused by anaesthetic drugs, surgical trauma and activation of the adrenal cortex (Rubio et al, 2022). All these changes in the haematological parameters were within the normal physiologic range.…”

“…The decrease in total proteins could be due to hemodilution or secondary elevation of globulins (Dewangan et al, 2016). Surgical and anaesthetic stress leads to the altered endocrine secretion of the insulin antagonisms like growth hormone (Rubio et al, 2022). Increase in BUN levels might be due to temporary inhibitory effect of drugs on renal blood flow resulting in consequent reduction in glomerular blood flow (Dewangan et al, 2016).…”