Changes in herbage chemical composition due to proportion of species in alfalfa‐orchardgrass mixtures

Napitupulu, Justin A.; Smith, Dale

doi:10.1080/00103627909366919

Cited by 6 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Kura clover seasonal forage DM proportions in mixtures reported by Zemenchik et al (2001) were negatively correlated with NDF concentrations over all years at Arlington ( r = 0.78) and at Lancaster ( r = 0.78). This is consistent with observations made by Napitupulu and Smith (1979) for alfalfa–OG mixtures. Similarly, the proportion of birdsfoot trefoil in mixtures was negatively correlated to NDF concentrations over all years at Arlington ( r = 0.85) and Lancaster ( r = 0.71).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Similarly, birdsfoot trefoil proportions in all mixtures were positively correlated to CP concentrations over all years at Arlington ( r = 0.89) and Lancaster ( r = 0.86). These correlations are consistent with the work of Napitupulu and Smith (1979) for alfalfa and OG mixtures and Barnett and Posler (1983) for red clover in mixture with several perennial grasses, including KBG and SBG.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

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Improved Nutritive Value of Kura Clover– and Birdsfoot Trefoil–Grass Mixtures Compared with Grass Monocultures

Zemenchik¹,

Albrecht

Shaver

2002

Agronomy Journal

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erates frequent defoliation in monoculture (Peterson et al., 1994) or in binary mixture with grass (Kim, 1996) Improved dry matter (DM) production of cool-season grass monoand is suitable for hay or pasture production in this cultures may result from either N fertilization or the addition of legumes such as kura clover (Trifolium ambiguum M. Bieb.) or birds-region Sheaffer et al., 1992). foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus L.). Such improvements could affect Kura clover has been identified as a grass-compatible forage nutritive value and potential milk production from dairy cattle legume with excellent persistence in mechanically har-(Bos taurus). Laboratory estimates of forage nutritive value as well vested production systems (Kim, 1996; Zemenchik et al., as potential milk production per unit mass and area were compared 2001). However, there is limited information available for six levels of N fertilizer on Kentucky bluegrass (KBG; Poa praregarding laboratory estimates of forage quality or potensis L.), smooth bromegrass (SBG; Bromus inermis Leyss.), and tential milk production changes that may result by addorchardgrass (OG; Dactylis glomerata L.) in monoculture or with ing kura clover to cool-season grass swards. Peterson et either kura clover or birdsfoot trefoil in binary mixture with each al. (1994) reported that kura clover leaf proportion of grass. Experiments managed in a three-harvest system were conducted total harvested forage DM was positively correlated to from 1994 through 1996 near Arlington and Lancaster, WI. Either legume reduced neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber and crude protein (CP) and inversely correlated to concenincreased crude protein when added to grass. These effects increased trations of acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral deterwith greater mixture legume DM proportions. Compared with grass gent fiber (NDF). Kim (1996) related harvest frequency monocultures averaged across years and locations and for any N rate, and height to legume composition of kura clover-grass mixtures had greater potential milk production per megagram of DM mixtures and kura clover monoculture but did not inand followed KBG Ͼ SBG Ͼ OG. Similarly, potential milk production clude a grass monoculture as one of the control treatper hectare for kura clover-grass mixtures exceeded that of monoculments. Zemenchik et al. (2001) estimated that kura clotures by at least 49% for KBG and 12% for SBG while birdsfoot trefoilver grown in binary mixtures with Kentucky bluegrass grass mixtures were greater by at least 28% for KBG and 20% for SBG.(KBG) resulted in total-season DM yields equivalent to Orchardgrass required maximum N rates to match milk production per 251 kg N ha Ϫ1 split-applied to that grass in monoculture.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Improved Nutritive Value of Kura Clover– and Birdsfoot Trefoil–Grass Mixtures Compared with Grass Monocultures

Zemenchik¹,

Albrecht

Shaver

2002

Agronomy Journal

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“…The net effect is a greater flux of digestible nutrients to the target tissues, and increased productiv ity. The higher the percentage legume composition of a legume-grass mixture, the greater will be the difference in quality between the legume-based and N fertilizer-based forages (Napitupulu and Smith, 1979).…”

Section: Review Of Literaturementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing the N input level in a system based solely on symbi otic N fixation results from increasing the legume yield and the N fixa tion capacity of the legume component, which in turn are closely related to the legume proportion in the sward (Hoglund and Brock, 1978;Vallis, 1978). Since legumes generally exhibit higher digestibilities and in take potentials than grasses at similar stages of maturity (Thornton and Minson, 1973), increasing the legume proportion could favorably alter the quality of the herbage (Napitupulu and Smith, 1979). In tissue analyses of alfalfa-orchardgrass mixtures, Napitupulu and Smith (1979) found that the percentage cell wall constituents (an indicator of intake potential) increased from 39 to 59% as the percentage alfalfa decreased from 100 to 0%.…”

Section: Fate Of Excreted Jjx Pasturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Since legumes generally exhibit higher digestibilities and in take potentials than grasses at similar stages of maturity (Thornton and Minson, 1973), increasing the legume proportion could favorably alter the quality of the herbage (Napitupulu and Smith, 1979). In tissue analyses of alfalfa-orchardgrass mixtures, Napitupulu and Smith (1979) found that the percentage cell wall constituents (an indicator of intake potential) increased from 39 to 59% as the percentage alfalfa decreased from 100 to 0%. In vitro dry matter digestibility, however, was un changed.…”

Section: Fate Of Excreted Jjx Pasturesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Nitrogen use efficiency of legume-grass and grass pastures

West

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Dinitrogen Fixation in Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass Pastures¹

West¹,

Wedin

1985

Agronomy Journal

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Information on amounts and proportions of alfalfa N derived from symbiotic N2 fixation is needed to more effectively exploit this source of N in alfalfa‐orchardgrass (Medicago sativa L.‐Dactylis glomerata L.) pastures. Our objectives were to describe the seasonal trends in N2 fixation and to assess the relationships among alfalfa dry matter (DM) yield, percentage alfalfa in the mixture, and N2 fixation. The trial was carried out in south‐central Iowa in 1979 and 1980 on Aquic Argiudoll and Typic Argiaquoll soils, 2 to 13% slope. A 15N‐dilution technique was used to estimate the percentage of alfalfa N derived from N2 fixation during individual harvest intervals. The percentage of alfalfa N derived from N2 fixation varied slightly among harvest dates and averaged 91%. As percentage alfalfa in the mixture and alfalfa DM yield increased, the percentage of alfalfa N derived from fixation tended to decrease. The amount of N2 fixed was highly positively correlated with percentage alfalfa and alfalfa DM yield in both years. The total annual amount of N2 fixed averaged 70 kg ha−1 with a range across microplots of 15 to 130 kg ha−1. In conclusion, alfalfa DM yield was the major determinant of the amount of N2 fixed. The coefficient 0.90 can be used under these conditions to estimate the proportion of harvestable alfalfa N derived from N2 fixation when growing with orchardgrass. The low variability associated with measurements of percentage of alfalfa N derived from fixation illustrated the usefulness of the 15N‐isotope dilution method in this study.

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Changes in herbage chemical composition due to proportion of species in alfalfa‐orchardgrass mixtures

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Improved Nutritive Value of Kura Clover– and Birdsfoot Trefoil–Grass Mixtures Compared with Grass Monocultures

Improved Nutritive Value of Kura Clover– and Birdsfoot Trefoil–Grass Mixtures Compared with Grass Monocultures

Nitrogen use efficiency of legume-grass and grass pastures

Dinitrogen Fixation in Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass Pastures¹

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Changes in herbage chemical composition due to proportion of species in alfalfa‐orchardgrass mixtures

Cited by 6 publications

References 8 publications

Improved Nutritive Value of Kura Clover– and Birdsfoot Trefoil–Grass Mixtures Compared with Grass Monocultures

Improved Nutritive Value of Kura Clover– and Birdsfoot Trefoil–Grass Mixtures Compared with Grass Monocultures

Nitrogen use efficiency of legume-grass and grass pastures

Dinitrogen Fixation in Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass Pastures1

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Dinitrogen Fixation in Alfalfa‐Orchardgrass Pastures¹