Changes in intraneuronal lipopigment in alzheimer's disease

Dowson, J. H.; Mountjoy, C.Q.; Cairns, Mary; Wilton-Cox, Helen

doi:10.1016/0197-4580(92)90077-b

Cited by 23 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Cortical shrinkage in AD may result in a greater pack ing density of neurons, but, for the present material, it was previously reported that there was no significant differ ence in the mean depth per column for each diagnostic group (for AD, the mean depth was 9.15 mm, SD 1.83, and for non-diseased brains 9.76 mm, SD 9.76, p = 0.34), although it can be seen that the AD group showed the low er value [11]. It has also been found that cortical atrophy in AD is related mainly to a decrease in the length of a gyrus, rather than in the cortical thickness [26], and it has also been reported that the thickness of mid-frontal cortex was not significantly reduced in AD [24], These reports are compatible with the present findings in relation to the mean depths of columns and the greater number of neu rons identified in the AD group, compared with the con Table 1 shows the number of neurons in relation to the sixth of cortex and size of neuronal body outline.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

“…The interpretation of the previously reported AD-associated changes in the number of discrete lipopigment regions in various size categories has been discussed [11], It was concluded that a process involving an increased rate of neuronal lipopigment formation in AD, with an increased degree of aggregation of lipopigment granules, could explain the findings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…SD 11.5) were examined and compared with brains from 20 nondiseased subjects (mean age 81.1. range 60-100, SD 10.2). Further details have been reported [11]. In summary.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous report of this material noted differ ences between AD and non-diseased brains in relation to lipopigment variables, involving an association between AD and significant decreases in the mean number (per neuron) of discrete regions of lipopigment autofluorescence in the three smallest size categories (of lipopigment regions), and a significant increase in one of the larger size categories. Also, AD was associated with a significant decrease in the mean number (per neuron) of discrete regions of lipopigment autofluorescence [ 11], The present study investigated the distribution within the depth of the cortex of these previously reported AD-associated changes, and also examined their relationship to other lipopigment variables and to neuronal size.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1995 reported, including AD-associated changes in intraneu ronal lipopigment which appear to reflect pathogenic mechanisms [11][12][13], Lipopigment can be defined and identified by its prop erty of emitting yellow autofluorescence when irradiated by ultraviolet or blue light [14]. It consists of so-called 'granules' of varying size, the maximum dimensions of which usually range from 1 to 3 pm [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alzheimers Disease: Distribution of Changes in Intraneuronal Lipopigment in the Frontal Cortex

Dowson

Mountjoy²,

Cairns³

et al. 1995

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Brains from 22 patients with Alzheimer''s disease (AD) and 20 non-diseased subjects were examined. Intraneuronal lipopigment in 2,440 nucleolated neurons throughout the depth of cortex was identifled by fluorescence microscopy. In the AD brains, the mean total area per neuron of the outlines of lipopigment was significantly increased in the region adjacent to the brain surface (sixths 1-3), and analysis of variance showed a significant interaction between depth of cortex (in sixths) and AD for this lipopigment variable (p = 0.012). After relating this lipopigment variable to the size of neuronal bodies, the results indicate that this change occurs in pyramidal neurons, although other neuronal types may also be affected. At least one of three AD-related changes in lipopigment was found in each sixth of the depth of cortex.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 40%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…SD 11.5) were examined and compared with brains from 20 nondiseased subjects (mean age 81.1. range 60-100, SD 10.2). Further details have been reported [11]. In summary.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Alzheimers Disease: Distribution of Changes in Intraneuronal Lipopigment in the Frontal Cortex

Dowson

Mountjoy²,

Cairns³

et al. 1995

Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord

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Topographical localization of lipofuscin pigment in the brain of the aged fat-tailed dwarf lemur(Cheirogaleus Medius) and grey lesser mouse lemur(Microcebus Murinus): Comparison to iron localization

et al. 1999

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The present study was undertaken to explore the distribution of lipofuscin in the brain of cheirogaleids by autofluorescence and compare it to other studies of iron distribution. Aged dwarf (Cheirogaleus medius) and mouse (Microcebus murinus) lemurs provide a reliable model for the study of normal and pathological cerebral aging. Accumulation of lipofuscin, an age pigment derived by lipid peroxidation, constitutes the most reliable cytological change correlated with neuronal aging. Brain sections of four aged (8–15 year old) and 3 young (2–3 year old) animals were examined. Lipofuscin accumulation was observed in the aged animals but not in the young ones. Affected regions include the hippocampus (granular and pyramidal cells), where no iron accumulation was observed, the olfactory nucleus and the olfactory bulb (mitral cells), the basal forebrain, the hypothalamus, the cerebellum (Purkinje cells), the neocortex (essentially in the pyramidal cells), and the brainstem. Even though iron is known to catalyse lipid oxidation, our data indicate that iron deposits and lipofuscin accumulation are not coincident. Different biochemical and morphological cellular compartments might be involved in iron and lipofuscin deposition. The nonuniform distribution of lipofuscin indicates that brain structures are not equally sensitive to the factors causing lipofuscin accumulation. The small size, the rapid maturity, and the relatively short life expectancy of the cheirogaleids make them a good model system in which to investigate the mechanisms of lipofuscinogenesis in primates. Am. J. Primatol. 49:183–193, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.

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Distinct Types of Lipofuscin Pigment in the Hippocampus and Cerebellum of Aged Cheirogaleid Primates

Gilissen

Staneva-Dobrovski

2013

The Anatomical Record

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The formation of autofluorescent lipopigment or lipofuscin is a highly consistent and reliable cytological change that correlates with cellular aging in postmitotic cells. One causal factor of lipofuscinogenesis involves free radical-induced lipid peroxidation. In mammals, dentate gyrus neurons and Purkinje cells are usually affected widely. In this study, we investigated the ultrastructure of lipofuscin deposits in large neurons of the dentate gyrus and in Purkinje cells of aged fat-tailed dwarf lemurs (Cheirogaleus medius Geoffroy, 1812) with electron and confocal microscopy and compared it with previous observations in other species. Cheirogaleid primates such as mouse and dwarf lemurs are archaic primates that provide interesting nonhuman models of aging. Our study revealed region-specific as well as species-specific characteristics of lipofuscin ultrastructure. This suggests differences in cellular metabolism and/or in organelles involved in lipofuscin production in cerebellar Purkinje cells and in hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons.

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Changes in intraneuronal lipopigment in alzheimer's disease

Cited by 23 publications

References 26 publications

Alzheimers Disease: Distribution of Changes in Intraneuronal Lipopigment in the Frontal Cortex

Alzheimers Disease: Distribution of Changes in Intraneuronal Lipopigment in the Frontal Cortex

Topographical localization of lipofuscin pigment in the brain of the aged fat-tailed dwarf lemur(Cheirogaleus Medius) and grey lesser mouse lemur(Microcebus Murinus): Comparison to iron localization

Distinct Types of Lipofuscin Pigment in the Hippocampus and Cerebellum of Aged Cheirogaleid Primates

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