Changes in leaf chemistry and anatomy of Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata (Myrtaceae) in response to native and exotic pathogens

Bonora, Flávia Sarti; Nahrung, Helen F.; Hayes, R. Andrew; Scharaschkin, Tanya; Pegg, Geoff S.; Lee, David John

doi:10.1007/s13313-020-00739-z

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…This increase, in addition to the quantity of wax on older leaves and the chemical composition of cuticle waxes, may interfere with A. psidii infection on the older eucalypt leaves [ 15 , 16 , 40 ]. The antimicrobial compounds, including chitinase and peroxidase enzymes, polyphenols and tannins, monoterpenes, steroids, monounsaturated hydrocarbons, limonene and essential oils in older eucalypt leaves [ 21 , 22 , 23 ], reduced the germination, penetration and colonization processes in this fungus [ 15 , 16 ]. The increase in the number of cavities with essential oils, mainly at the 4th and 5th leaf stages, is important because these oils have a complex of volatile organic compounds [ 41 ] toxic to plant pathogens [ 42 , 43 , 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This represents a key step to developing a viable method to manage eucalypt rust efficiently [ 1 ]. The effects of Eucalyptus leaf age on the production of antimicrobial compounds and on A. psidii pre-infection success have been studied [ 15 , 21 , 22 , 23 ], but the relation between leaf anatomy and resistance to rust has not. This information may improve our understanding of the phenological leaf age and resistance to eucalyptus rust.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphoanatomical Changes in Eucalyptus grandis Leaves Associated with Resistance to Austropuccinia psidii in Plants of Two Ages

Furtado

Silva

et al. 2023

Plants

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The fungus Austropuccinia psidii infects young tissues of Eucalyptus plants until they are two years old in the nursery and field, causing Myrtaceae rust. The characteristics making older eucalypt leaves resistant to A. psidii and the reason for the low levels of this pathogen in older plants need evaluations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the morphological differences between Eucalyptus grandis leaves of different growth stages and two plant ages to propose a visual phenological scale to classify E. grandis leaves according to their maturation stages and to evaluate the time of leaf maturation for young and adult plants. A scale, based on a morphological differentiation for E. grandis leaves, was made. The color, shape and size distinguished the leaves of the first five leaf pairs. Anatomical analysis showed a higher percentage of reinforced tissue, such as sclerenchyma-like tissue and collenchyma, greater leaf blade thickness, absence of lower palisade parenchyma in the mature leaves and a higher number of cavities with essential oils than in younger ones. Changes in anatomical characteristics that could reduce the susceptibility of older E. grandis leaves to A. psidii coincide with the time of developing leaf resistance. Reduced infection of this pathogen in older plants appears to be associated with a more rapid maturation of their leaf tissues.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphoanatomical Changes in Eucalyptus grandis Leaves Associated with Resistance to Austropuccinia psidii in Plants of Two Ages

Furtado

Silva

et al. 2023

Plants

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“…This result is unsurprising given the important anti-fungal activities performed by secondary metabolites in Myrtaceae species (Batish et al 2008;Barbosa et al 2016). For example, Bonora et al (2020a) reported that Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata plants increased the levels of polyphenols and tannins (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility to the fungal plant pathogen Austropuccinia psidii is related to monoterpene production in Australian Myrtaceae species

et al. 2022

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In 2010, the fungal plant pathogen that causes Myrtle rust, Austropuccinia psidii, which is native to South America, was first detected in Australia and has since had significant impacts on several Australian Myrtaceae species. Despite this, our understanding of the role secondary metabolites play in plant susceptibility to A. psidii is limited. This study aimed to determine: (1) whether secondary metabolite (phenolics, terpenes) production is induced after A. psidii inoculation and if so, (2) how their production relates to A. psidii susceptibility. To test these aims, we selected seven Myrtaceae species that have a wide range of within-species variability in their susceptibility to A. psidii. We found that five of the study species significantly increased either their phenolic or sesquiterpene production post-inoculation suggesting their pre-inoculation secondary metabolite levels were not sufficient to combat A. psidii infection. The two species (Angophora costata and Corymbia citriodora) that did not increase their secondary metabolite production post-inoculation tended to have the greatest pre-inoculation production levels amongst the species. Interestingly, across all species, monoterpenes were the only secondary metabolite found to reduce plant susceptibility to A. psidii. This study contributes to our limited understanding of the role that secondary metabolites play in plant susceptibility to A. psidii. In light of these findings, future research should aim to identify biomarkers (e.g. individual chemical compounds) that confer resistance to A. psidii, so that individuals with these biomarkers can be utilised in commercial and conservation projects.

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“…For this reason, many plantations end up being established via seminal means, as occurs with the species Corymbia citriodora [7,8]. C. citriodora is a species of Australian origin, adapted to different soil and climate conditions; wood is used in the production of charcoal, firewood, posts, and sawmills, among other uses [7,9]. The essential oil extracted from its leaves is used as a raw material for the perfumery, cleaning, and pharmaceutical industries [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Seedlings of Corymbia citriodora Inoculated with Endophytic Bacteria

de Oliveira,

de Abreu,

Grazziotti

et al. 2024

Forests

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This study aimed to evaluate the effect of inoculants of endophytic bacteria producing indoleacetic acid (IAA) on the physiological quality of seeds and the production of seedlings of Corymbia citriodora (Hook.) KD Hill & LAS Johnson. In the physiological quality test of the seeds, the treatments used were individual inoculation with Priestia megaterium, Exiguobacterium sibiricum, Pantoea vagans strain 45URP4-1, and Bacillus sp.; joint effect of the four strains (mix); inoculation only with the carrier (cassava starch and activated charcoal); carrier with 1.0 μg mL−1 of IAA; and non-inoculated control without IAA and without a carrier. In the production of seedlings in a greenhouse, the treatments were the same, except for the mix, which was replaced by P. vagans strain 7URP1-6 (Pvs7), as inoculation with the mix increased the number of abnormal seedlings. In the physiological quality test of seeds, seeds inoculated with the bacteria individually did not have the physiological quality impaired and the carrier created a microenvironment around the seeds, benefiting germination percentage, germination speed index, average germination time, and average germination speed. In the greenhouse, seedlings inoculated with Pvs7, P. megaterium and E. sibiricum were taller, with a larger stem diameter and dry mass of shoot, roots, and total. Seeds inoculated with E. sibiricum had higher averages for height, chlorophyll b content, and shoot and total dry mass, as well as a greater ability to colonize the rhizosphere and roots of C. citriodora, resulting in the production of higher-quality seedlings. Inoculation of seeds of C. citriodora with endophytic bacteria proved to be a promising alternative for plant development.

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Changes in leaf chemistry and anatomy of Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata (Myrtaceae) in response to native and exotic pathogens

Cited by 6 publications

References 54 publications

Morphoanatomical Changes in Eucalyptus grandis Leaves Associated with Resistance to Austropuccinia psidii in Plants of Two Ages

Morphoanatomical Changes in Eucalyptus grandis Leaves Associated with Resistance to Austropuccinia psidii in Plants of Two Ages

Susceptibility to the fungal plant pathogen Austropuccinia psidii is related to monoterpene production in Australian Myrtaceae species

Production of Seedlings of Corymbia citriodora Inoculated with Endophytic Bacteria

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