Changes in levels of the antioxidant glutathione in brain and blood across the age span of healthy adults: A systematic review

Detcheverry, Flavie; Senthil, Sneha; Narayanan, Sridar; Badhwar, AmanPreet

doi:10.1016/j.nicl.2023.103503

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 118 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…GSH forms part of an enzymatic antioxidant system involved in numerous physiological processes, including aging ( 41 ). Most GSH studies have reported a significant decrease in its plasma concentration with increasing age ( 42 , 43 ). Similarly, in our study, we observed a decreasing tendency in the GSH concentration that accompanied the aging process.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of a stress-inducible heme oxygenase-1 in NK cells is maintained in the process of human aging

Kaszubowska,

Kaczor,

Karnia

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionHeme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is a stress-inducible heat shock protein (HSP32) that exerts cytoprotective effects against oxidative stress and inflammation, and is involved in the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. This study aimed to evaluate the expression of HO-1 in natural killer (NK) cells from individuals of different age groups after stimulation with various factors, and to analyze the relationships between the concentration of this cytoprotective protein and parameters corresponding to oxidative stress and inflammation, that is, NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), glutathione (GSH), GSH disulfide (GSSG), and interleukin 6 (IL-6).MethodsThe study population comprised three age groups: young adults (age range, 19–23 years), older adults aged under 85 years (age range, 73–84 years), and older adults aged over 85 years (age range, 85–92 years). NLRP3, GSH, and GSSG concentrations were measured in serum, whereas the HO-1 concentration and IL-6 expression were studied in NK cells cultivated for 48 h and stimulated with IL-2, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) with ionomycin.ResultsThe analysis of serum NLRP3, GSH, and GSSG concentrations revealed no statistically significant differences among the studied age groups. However, some typical trends of aging were observed, such as a decrease in GSH concentration and an increase in both GSSG level, and GSSG/GSH ratio. The highest basal expression of IL-6 and lowest basal content of HO-1 were found in NK cells of adults over 85 years of age. The NK cells in this age group also showed the highest sensitivity to stimulation with the applied factors. Moreover, statistically significant negative correlations were observed between HO-1 and IL-6 expression levels in the studied NK cells.ConclusionsThese results showed that NK cells can express HO-1 at a basal level, which was significantly increased in activated cells, even in the oldest group of adults. The reciprocal relationship between HO-1 and IL-6 expression suggests a negative feedback loop between these parameters.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of a stress-inducible heme oxygenase-1 in NK cells is maintained in the process of human aging

Kaszubowska,

Kaczor,

Karnia

et al. 2024

Front. Immunol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The GSH redox system regulates cell growth, development, and oxidative defense [40]. GSH levels decrease with age [41].…”

Section: Mitochondrial Gshmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitochondrial Glutathione in Cellular Redox Homeostasis and Disease Manifestation

Chen,

Wang,

Chang

et al. 2024

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mitochondria are critical for providing energy to maintain cell viability. Oxidative phosphorylation involves the transfer of electrons from energy substrates to oxygen to produce adenosine triphosphate. Mitochondria also regulate cell proliferation, metastasis, and deterioration. The flow of electrons in the mitochondrial respiratory chain generates reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are harmful to cells at high levels. Oxidative stress caused by ROS accumulation has been associated with an increased risk of cancer, and cardiovascular and liver diseases. Glutathione (GSH) is an abundant cellular antioxidant that is primarily synthesized in the cytoplasm and delivered to the mitochondria. Mitochondrial glutathione (mGSH) metabolizes hydrogen peroxide within the mitochondria. A long-term imbalance in the ratio of mitochondrial ROS to mGSH can cause cell dysfunction, apoptosis, necroptosis, and ferroptosis, which may lead to disease. This study aimed to review the physiological functions, anabolism, variations in organ tissue accumulation, and delivery of GSH to the mitochondria and the relationships between mGSH levels, the GSH/GSH disulfide (GSSG) ratio, programmed cell death, and ferroptosis. We also discuss diseases caused by mGSH deficiency and related therapeutics.

show abstract

Validation and optimisation of reduced glutathione quantification in erythrocytes by means of a coulometric high‐performance liquid chromatography analytical method

Lauwers,

Van Herreweghe,

Foubert

et al. 2024

Biomedical Chromatography

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glutathione (GSH), a tripeptide that consists of cysteine, glutamate and glycine, is present in all mammalian tissues in the millimolar range. Besides having numerous cellular functions, GSH is an important antioxidant and is considered a valuable biomarker in evaluating oxidative stress. This paper provides a sensitive analytical method using HPLC‐ECD to quantify GSH in erythrocytes, validated using the ICH guidelines for Bioanalytical Method Validation. The sample preparation was optimised using centrifugal filtration and a hypotonic phosphate buffer for extracting GSH from erythrocytes. HPLC‐ECD parameters were adjusted to allow a fast, reversed phase, isocratic separation in 10 min. The detector response was linear between 0.3 and 9.5 μg/mL with a satisfactory regression coefficient and a LOQ of 0.11 μg/mL. Intra‐ and inter‐day repeatability ranged between 1.10% and 8.57% with recoveries ranging from 94.3% to 106.0%. Dilution integrity, benchtop, freeze–thaw and long‐term stability were investigated. Samples were stable for up to 6 months at −80°C. This method has a good linear response and is repeatable, precise and accurate. It minimises GSH auto‐oxidation using a centrifugal filter during sample preparation, instead of acidification. Therefore, this analytical method is suitable for quantifying GSH in erythrocytes as a marker of oxidative stress.

show abstract

Changes in levels of the antioxidant glutathione in brain and blood across the age span of healthy adults: A systematic review

Cited by 11 publications

References 118 publications

Expression of a stress-inducible heme oxygenase-1 in NK cells is maintained in the process of human aging

Expression of a stress-inducible heme oxygenase-1 in NK cells is maintained in the process of human aging

Mitochondrial Glutathione in Cellular Redox Homeostasis and Disease Manifestation

Validation and optimisation of reduced glutathione quantification in erythrocytes by means of a coulometric high‐performance liquid chromatography analytical method

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About