Changes in midgut gland morphology and digestive enzyme activities associated with development in early stages of the American lobster Homarus americanus

Biesiot, Patricia M.

doi:10.1575/1912/3478

Cited by 12 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(129 reference statements)

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“…Thus, proteins in the yolk hydrolysed mainly by trypsin act not only as structural components but also as energy sources at this time. In addition, as shown in the American lobster ( Homarus americanus ) (Biesiot 1986), the increase in pepsin and trypsin activities in the middle embryonic developmental stages of P. clarkii might also be involved in the development of the hepatopancreas. Although trypsin‐specific activity decreased at the eye pigment‐forming stage, it increased again before hatching in preparation for larval feeding; this result agrees with those reported for M. rosenbergii and Eriocheir sinensis (Yao et al 2006; Tian, Wang, Zhao, Luo & Fan 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Activities of digestive enzymes during embryonic development in the crayfishProcambarus clarkii(Decapoda)

Ying

Wang

et al. 2009

Aquaculture Research

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The red swamp cray¢sh, Procambarus clarkii (Girard), has become an important freshwater species for Chinese inland aquaculture because of its high commercial value and consumer demand. The aim of this study was to gather information about the activity of digestive enzymes at di¡erent embryonic stages of P. clarkii in order to increase our knowledge about digestive physiology and to guide technology for maternal culture so as to improve the hatching rate. Embryonic developmental stages were divided into six stages: I, fertilized egg; II, cleavage and blastula; III, gastrula; IV, egg nauplius;V, eye pigment forming; andVI, prepared for hatching. Pepsin-speci¢c activity decreased signi¢cantly from stage I to stage IV. Although it increased at stage V, the activity level declined again before hatching. Both trypsin-and amylase-speci¢c activity levels dramatically increased in the middle stages of embryogenesis, whereas at the other embryonic stages the activities of these two digestive enzymes were much lower. Lipase-speci¢c activity exhibited a low level during all embryonic stages. The pattern of digestive enzyme activity was related to organogenesis and the utilization of yolk proteins at di¡erent embryonic stages. Digestive enzyme activity during embryogenesis Y Dai et al.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Activities of digestive enzymes during embryonic development in the crayfishProcambarus clarkii(Decapoda)

Ying

Wang

et al. 2009

Aquaculture Research

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“…Ceccaldi and Trellu (1975). and Van Wormhoudt and Sellos (1980); Homarus americanus: Biesiot (1986); and Penaeus japonicus: Laubier-Bonichon et al (1977), Gal-gani (1983), and ]. In most of these cases, assays were conducted for only amylase and general protease activity, and studies were limited to early developmental stages through the decapodid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenetic Change in Digestive Enzyme Activity of Larval and Postlarval White Shrimp Penaeus setiferus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeidae)

Lovett

Felder

1990

The Biological Bulletin

176

114

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Whole specimens of developmental stages of Penaeus setiferus (Linnaeus, 1767) were homogenized and assayed for activities of digestive enzymes. In all developmental stages, activities were present for trypsin, carboxypeptidase A and B, amylase, and non-specific esterase; none for pepsin or lipase were detected. Activities assayed with substrates for chymotrypsin and aminopeptidase are not apparently due to the presence of these enzymes in the gut. Peak activities for all enzymes occurred during late zoeal or early mysis larval stages; low activities occurred at metamorphosis. During postlarval development, amylase activity increased steadily (by a tenfold increase over five weeks), whereas most other enzyme activities were relatively constant until the fifth week of postlarval development. Although it alters enzyme activity, diet does not appear to be the primary effector of ontogenetic change in digestive enzyme activity. Instead, ontogenetic change in digestive enzyme activity may reflect either a developmentally cued change in enzyme synthesis, or a secondary effect of change in the function and relative size of the midgut during its differentiation.

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“…However, little is known about the nutritional metabolism of the embryos of this species: it is not known how yolk is utilized in the process of embryonic development. A number of studies have examined biochemical metabolism in the embryonic development of various crustaceans (Kanazawa, 1985;Babu, 1987;Harrison, 1990;Clarke, 1992;Ouellet & Taggart, 1992;Chu & Ovsianico-Koulikovsky, 1994;Anger, 1998;Wehrtmann & Graeve, 1998;Heras et al, 2000;Nates & McKenney, 2000;Gimenez & Anger, 2001;Roustaian & Kamarudin, 2001;Rosa & Nunes, 2002;Tian et al, 2002;Rosa et al, 2003Rosa et al, , 2005, and digestive enzyme activities in developing crustacean embryos have also been investigated in some shrimps (Biesiot, 1986;Subramoniam, 1991;Tian et al, 2003). The important digestive enzymes of crustacean embryos are pepsin, trypsin, amylase, cellulase, and lipase; they hydrolyse the proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, respectively.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biochemical composition and digestive enzyme activities during the embryonic development of the redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus

Luo¹,

Zhao²,

Yao³

2008

Crustac

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The biochemical composition and the activity of five digestive enzymes of embryos were studied during embryonic development in the redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus (Von Martens, 1868), in order to investigate the relationship between embryonic development and the utilization of yolk. Carbohydrates remained a minor constituent of the yolk as a whole. The contents of total proteins and total amino acids (TAA) were all observed to decrease. Among the essential amino acids (EAA), the contents of leucine and arginine were relatively high, while of the non-essential amino acids (NEAA), the most important components were glutamine and aspartic acid. The contents of total lipids (TL) decreased during embryonic development, and the predominant fatty acids of both neutral lipids (NL) and polar lipids (PL) were C16:0, C18:0, C18:1ω9, and C18:3ω3. The five digestive enzymes tested all showed changes in their activities. The specific activities of pepsin and trypsin gradually increased in the earlier stages of embryonic development, pepsin decreased rapidly in later stages, while trypsin still kept a high level of activity. The specific activity of amylase changed in a "V" shape and reached high values again in later stages. The specific activities of cellulase and lipase showed relatively low values. It is shown that carbohydrates may play an important role in synthesizing many specific compounds to participate in signal transmission and in forming the carapace. Proteins and lipids were the dominating construction and energy substances; proteins were primarily consumed in the early stages, as against lipids in later stages. Saturated fatty acids (SFA) (16:0 and 18:0) and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) (16:1ω7 and 18:1ω9) were always used for energetic purposes and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (20:5ω3 and 22:6ω3) were important as structural components of cell membranes and in the development of the central nervous system. The activities of the digestive enzymes were controlled by their genes and expressed sequentially during embryonic development. They hydrolyse the yolk and provide construction substances and energy sources for the formation of tissues, organs, and various systems in general. 3 ) RÉSUMÉ La composition biochimique et l'activité de cinq enzymes digestives d'embryons ont été étudiées au cours du développement embryonnaire de l'écrevisse à patte rouge, Cherax quadricarinatus (Von Martens, 1868), dans le but d'investiguer les inter-relations entre le développement embryonnaire et l'utilisation du vitellus. Les glucides représentent un constituant mineur du vitellus. Les contenus en protéines totales et en acides aminés totaux (TAA) diminuent. Parmi les AA essentiels (EAA), les contenus en leucine et arginine ont été relativement élevés, tandis que parmi les acides aminés non-essentiels (NEAA), les composés les plus importants ont été la glutamine et l'acide aspartique. Les contenus en lipides totaux (TL) diminuent au cours du développement embryonnaire, et les acides gras prédominants parmi, à...

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Changes in midgut gland morphology and digestive enzyme activities associated with development in early stages of the American lobster Homarus americanus

Cited by 12 publications

References 66 publications

Activities of digestive enzymes during embryonic development in the crayfishProcambarus clarkii(Decapoda)

Activities of digestive enzymes during embryonic development in the crayfishProcambarus clarkii(Decapoda)

Ontogenetic Change in Digestive Enzyme Activity of Larval and Postlarval White Shrimp Penaeus setiferus (Crustacea, Decapoda, Penaeidae)

Biochemical composition and digestive enzyme activities during the embryonic development of the redclaw crayfish, Cherax quadricarinatus

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