Changes in nitric oxide levels and antioxidant enzyme activities may have a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in autism

Söğüt, Sadık; Zoroğlu, Salih; Özyurt, Hüseyın; Yilmaz, Hacı; Özuğurlu, Fikret; Sivaslı, Ercan; Özer, Yetkin; Yanik, Medaim; Tutkun, Hamdi; Savaş, Haluk A.; Tarakçıoğlu, Mehmet; Akyol, Ömer

doi:10.1016/s0009-8981(03)00119-0

Cited by 239 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Secondly activity of antioxidants and related enzymes increases in order to eliminate the overproduced ROS due to noise (22). The antioxidative enzyme, glutathione peroxidase, catalyzes the conversion of H 2 O 2 to water by using reduced glutathione (GSH) and reduced NADPH as cofactors (23). It has been suggested that glutathione S-transferase which is present in the mammalian cochlea may play a protective role in humans against hair cell damage due to noise or aging (24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Noise Induces Oxidative Stress in Rat

et al. 2009

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…NO has chemical properties that make it uniquely suitable as an intracellular and intercellular messenger. It is produced by the activity of nitric oxide synthases, which are present in peripheral tissues and in neurons (23). High-energy impulse noise suggest that a role for endogenous NO in the injury (17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Noise Induces Oxidative Stress in Rat

et al. 2009

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“…Extracellular dopamine increased following the intrastriatal infusion of NOS substrate [120]. Increased RBC NO levels and plasma GSH-Px were detected in people with autism [121]. A significant elevation level of NO was observed in the plasma of Omani autistic children as compared to their age-matched controls [111].…”

Section: Oxidative Stressmentioning

confidence: 96%

The Role of Thiamine in Autism

Lương¹

2013

AJPN

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Autism spectrum disorders are a group of neuro-developmental conditions characterized by varying degrees of language impairment, including verbal and non-verbal communication, impaired social skill, and repetitive behaviors. In this paper, we review the evidence for an association between autism and thiamine. A relationship between thiamine status and the development of autism has been established, with thiamine supplementation exhibiting a beneficial clinical effect on children with autism. Thiamine may involve in autism via apoptotic factors (transcription factor p53, Bcl-2, and caspase-3), neurotransmitter systems (serotonin, acetylcholine, and glutamate), and oxidative stress (prostaglandins, cyclooxygenase-2, reactive oxygen species, nitric oxide synthase, the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, and mitochondrial dysfunction). In addition, thiamine has also been implicated in autism via its effects on basic myelin protein, glycogen synthetase kinase-3β, alpha-1 antitrypsin, and glyoxalase 1. Thiamine may play a role in children with autism. Additional investigation of thiamine in children with autism is needed.

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“…Most significantly, excess plasma nitrate and nitrite are also found in association with autism [49][50][51][52]. It has been demonstrated that depletion of the sulfate in the intestinal GAGs is associated with both colitis and Crohn's disease [53].…”

Section: No Synthesis and Gut Bacteria In Autismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Cholesterol Sulfate Deficiency a Common Factor in Preeclampsia, Autism, and Pernicious Anemia?

Seneff

Davidson²,

Liu

2012

Entropy

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Abstract:In a recent paper, we proposed that a contributing factor in autism is a deficiency in cholesterol sulfate supply. In this paper, we investigate a link between preeclampsia and subsequent autism in the child, and we hypothesize that both conditions can be attributed to a severe depletion of cholesterol sulfate. Through studies on the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) database, we demonstrate a strong statistical relationship among the signs and symptoms associated with autism and those associated with preeclampsia, pernicious anemia, and serious adverse reactions to vaccines. We show that VAERS reports associated with symptoms typical of pernicious anemia produce both a set of symptoms that are highly correlated with preeclampsia and another set highly correlated with autism. We explain this observation via an argument that, in a severe reaction, the cascade of events subsequent to vaccination reflects a profuse production of nitric oxide (NO) and consequential destruction of both red blood cells (RBCs) and cobalamin. This may explain the diverse signs and symptoms associated with both preeclampsia and severe vaccine adverse reactions. We argue that excess NO synthesis, induced by the aluminum and antigen in vaccines, results in hemolysis of RBCs, which allows hemoglobin to scavenge the excess NO, converting it to nitrate. The NO is also scavenged by cobalamin, leading to its inactivation and contributing to subsequent pernicious anemia. Finally, we demonstrate that severe adverse reactions to vaccines can be associated with life-threatening conditions related to the heart and brain, as well as OPEN ACCESSEntropy 2012, 14 2266 stillbirth, when the vaccine is administered to a woman in the third-trimester of pregnancy, as demonstrated by statistical analysis of the Gardasil records.

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Changes in nitric oxide levels and antioxidant enzyme activities may have a role in the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in autism

Cited by 239 publications

References 22 publications

Noise Induces Oxidative Stress in Rat

Noise Induces Oxidative Stress in Rat

The Role of Thiamine in Autism

Is Cholesterol Sulfate Deficiency a Common Factor in Preeclampsia, Autism, and Pernicious Anemia?

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